This paper considers the problem of understanding intellectual sharing/pooling arrangements and the construction of cultural commons arrangements. We argue that an adaptation of the approach pioneered by Elinor Ostrom and collaborators to commons arrangements in the natural environment may provide a template for the examination of constructed commons in the cultural environment. We thus argue i...

In this paper, we propose a novel pooling approach for shape classification and recognition using the bag-of-words pipeline, based on topological persistence, a recent tool from Topological Data Analysis. Our technique extends the standard max-pooling, which summarizes the distribution of a visual feature with a single number, thereby losing any notion of spatiality. Instead, we propose to use ...

In Huang and Weng (2004), Huang and Weng introduced pooling spaces, and constructed pooling designs from a pooling space. In this paper, we introduce the concept of pooling semilattices and prove that a pooling semilattice is a pooling space, then show how to construct pooling designs from a pooling semilattice. Moreover, we give many examples of pooling semilattices and thus obtain the corresp...

14 15 Lead (Pb) is a non-threshold toxin capable of inducing toxic effects at any blood level but availability 16 of soil screening criteria for assessing potential health risks is limited. The oral bioaccessibility of Pb 17 in 163 soil samples was attributed to sources through solubility estimation and domain identification. 18 Samples were extracted following the Unified BARGE Method. Urban, ...

In their seminal work, Rothschild and Stiglitz (1976) have shown that in competitive insurance markets, under asymmetric information, pooling contracts cannot exist in equilibrium, firms make zero profit, and, under some circumstances, equilibrium does not exist. In the present work, the model is extended by introducing unobservable wealth in addition to the differing risks. The study shows tha...

Laceration injury to the superior vena cava (SVC) remains most feared complication of transvenous lead extraction (TLE). Early recognition is crucial prevent catastrophic complications. Use real time video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) during high risk TLE can potentially be useful for prompt SVC injury. We describe use thorascopic guidance complex extractions conducted a retrospective ...

Rapid transformation across all sectors through Saudi Arabia’s vision 2030 initiatives led to an increase in construction activities. However, the industry has been already facing huge cost and time overruns, affecting stakeholders. The aim of this study is identify explore influential risk factors that lead completion delays overruns government-funded building projects Arabia, which have subje...

The prudent peasant mitigated the risk of crop failures by scattering his arable land throughout his village, Deirdre McCloskey argued, because alternative risksharing institutions did not exist. But, alternatives did exist, this essay concludes. Medieval English peasants formed two types of farmers’ cooperatives. Fraternities protected members from the perils of everyday life. Customary poor l...

Spatial pooling is often considered synonymous with averaging (or other statistical combinations) of local information contained within a complex visual image. We have recently shown, however, that spatial pooling of motion signals is better characterized in terms of optimal decoding of neuronal populations rather than image statistics (Webb et al., 2007). Here we ask which computations guide t...