Led by the emerging growth models perspective, research in comparative political economy has recently reintroduced demand drivers of economic into centre political-economic analysis. While this marks a significant advancement, current scholarship has, so far, focused mainly on explaining endurance existing rather than process change. To begin addressing gap, we identify one route to model chang...

in t r o d u c t io n [ 5 ] It Is estImated that over 40 mIllIon jobs In the unIted States—about one in three—are considered low wage (Boushey, Fremstad, Gragg, and Wall 2007). Research has shown that women, minorities, and non-college educated workers are overwhelmingly concentrated in this labor market sector (Applebaum, Berhardt, and Murnan 2006) and the probability of being a low-wage worke...

— In order to have drinking water, some countries have to use chlorine. It is use cause is effective and it's cheap. An alternative to this process is the UV disinfection of drinking water. Most of the devices in the market use UV bulbs or mercury lamps. The UV LED, which is cheaper and smaller, allows creating new smaller devices. The main contribution of this paper is the use of Genetic Algor...

Rising Wage Inequality, the Decline of Collective Bargaining, and the Gender Wage Gap This paper investigates the increase in wage inequality, the decline in collective bargaining, and the development of the gender wage gap in West Germany between 2001 and 2006. Based on detailed linked employer-employee data, we show that wage inequality is rising strongly – driven not only by real wage increa...

• Flexible wage components (bonuses, premia overtime payments) add up 10 percent of total wages in most European countries including Hungary. The paper investigates the and employment effects flexible Firms paying adjust more if revenue changes than firms without components. do not less changes. possible explanations are investigated. I document new facts about relationship between firm perform...

The intent of this paper is to initiate a discussion within the community interested in commercial refrigerators, on the possible use of LED lighting in commercial refrigerated and freezer display cases. The fluorescent lighting presently used in commercial refrigerators is inefficient in the application and also it provides poor lighting for merchandising. LED is a solid-state light source tha...

evidence from iranian households’ expenditures and income survay(iheis) in urban area shows that, average of real hourly wage against the schooling years is declining in the right tail of wage distribution between 1384 and 1390 (2005 and 2011). a tentative justification for this observation is that the private rate of return to education at upper quantiles and higher years of schooling have red...