The growing importance of access control has led to the definition of numerous languages for specifying policies. Since these languages are based on different foundations, language users and designers would benefit from formal means to compare them. We present a set of properties that examine the behavior of policies under enlarged requests, policy growth, and policy decomposition. They therefo...

he decision to organize a country’s monetary strategy around the direct targeting of inflation rests upon a number of economic arguments about what monetary policy can and cannot do. Over the last twenty years, a consensus has been emerging in the economics profession that activist monetary policy to stimulate output and reduce unemployment beyond their sustainable levels leads to higher inflat...

The mental health field continues to be concerned about the use of seclusion and of mechanical and chemical restraints in treatment settings. Recovery Innovations, Inc. (RI), a nonprofit corporation that operates a range of recovery-oriented programs, successfully eliminated use of seclusion and nonchemical restraints in a crisis center. This success was the impetus behind implementation and ev...

There is growing scientific evidence that improving the sustainability of consumer products can lead to significant gains in global sustainability. Historically, environmental policy has been managed by bureaucracies and institutions in a mechanistic manner; this had led to many early successes. However, we believe that if policy concerning product sustainability is also managed in this way, ne...

The relationship among payment style of subsidies, economic growth and poverty is a matter of challenge among economists and policy makers. Neoliberal Institutional Structure in framework of what is called “Washington Consensus” and “structural adjustment policies and economic stabilization” argues on economic advantages of removing food general subsidies so necessity of replacing a most libera...

1. Improved understanding of social, political, economic, and ecological interactions and development of knowledge based interventions for improved health and well-being outcomes, through participatory research, led by Ecohealth partners jointly with the local and policy communities, on selected thematic entry points. 2. More informed policy making and improved policy implementation on issue ar...

Since 2000, HIV prevention in NSW has been overseen by a Health Promotion Sub-Committee of the Ministerial Advisory Committee on HIV and Sexually Transmissible Infections. The Sub-Committee meets quarterly, and its ongoing work demonstrates how reflexive interactions between researchers, community-based and public-sector educators and policy makers can enable the development and implementation ...