M. L., a male child, eleven years of age, brought in on the 1st August, 1934, complaining of defective vision and squint. Vision?right eye?wearing +3.0 spherical = 6/3G; left eye?wearing -7.0 = 6/24. Left eye?divergent. Cornea?clear in both eyes. Iris tremulous in both eyes, the right much more than the left. Anterior chamber?right eye outer portion slightly shallower than the rest. Slight sign...

OBJECTIVES Shoulder subluxation after cerebrovascular accident has been associated with chronic pain, orthopedic complications, peripheral nerve damage, and autonomic dysfunction. Clinical diagnosis and gradation of subluxation is problematic due to the lack of precision in frequently used measures. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of clinical techniques used to assess inf...

Atlantoaxial subluxation that is not related to traumatic, congenital, or rheumatological conditions is rare and can be a diagnostic challenge. This case report details a case of anterior atlantoaxial subluxation in an 83-year-old female without history of trauma, congenital, or rheumatological conditions. She presented to the chiropractor with insidious neck pain and headaches, without neurolo...

Atlanto-axial subluxation occurs with a frequency varying from 6% to 45% in rheumatoid arthritis. Most patients are treated conservatively with a cervical collar. The effectiveness of different cervical collars in inhibiting anterior atlanto-axial subluxation was tested in 11 patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis. None of the collars had any major influence in inhibiting anterior subluxa...

OBJECTIVE The management of terrible triad injuries has evolved over the last 2 decades to include routine radial head fixation or replacement, reattachment of the lateral collateral ligament, with or without coronoid fixation. Our objective was to determine the likelihood of and factors associated with subluxation or dislocation after operative treatment of terrible triad injuries among a larg...

Background The trapeziometacarpal joint (TMCJ) is inherently unstable, relying on ligament restraint to prevent subluxation. Subluxation of the thumb in a dorsoradial direction is often observed in clinical practice, either after acute ligament injury or more commonly with osteoarthritis (OA). This subluxation follows loss of function of trapeziometacarpal ligaments that stabilise this joint, r...

OBJECTIVE To study the occurrence of shoulder subluxation, shoulder pain in stroke patients and identify factors associated to these conditions during rehabilitation period. MATERIAL AND METHOD Stroke patients from 9 rehabilitation centers from March to December 2006 were enrolled in the present study. All subjects were registered for demographic data including risk factors and type of stroke...

PURPOSE To study the various clinical manifestations associated with congenital aniridia in an Indian population. METHODS In this retrospective, consecutive, observational case series, all patients with the diagnosis of congenital aniridia seen at the institute from January 2005 to December 2010 were reviewed. In all patients, the demographic profile, visual acuity, and associated systemic an...

In 1865, Bowman was the first to recog­ nize the clinical entity of pupillary block, which he observed more frequently after cataract extraction without iridectomy than after cataract extraction with iridectomy. Bowman described this condition only as occurring shortly after discission of a sec­ ondary cataract. From his description it may be surmised that the mechanism in­ volved was obstructi...