The concept of CNS preventive therapy in childhood all is based on the assumption that undetectable CNS leukemia is present in most patients at the time of diagnosis, residing in that "sdnctuary site" protected by the blood-brain barrier from cytotoxic concentrations of most systemically ad­ministered antileukemic agents. Studies in the 1960s demonstrated that administration of 2400 rad cranial...

Each year, almost 3500 children are diagnosed with leukemia, representing approximately 30% of pediatric cancer cases. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common form of pediatric leukemia, accounting for approximately 80% of cases. A significant number of children fail to respond to existing chemotherapies or are unable to maintain remission. Their prognosis is poor, with little hope for ...

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of leukemia among children. Immunoglobulin A is the most numerous immunoglobulin isotype in mucosal secretion.  Immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency can increase risk of cancer in patients. Since few studies have been done on relation between serum IgA and ALL, this study was attempted to evaluate serum IgA in ALL patients...

Tumor lesion of the orbit is found in clinic various oncohematological diseases children. Untimely referral such patients to an oncologist delays timing necessary treatment, thereby worsening prognosis disease. The literature review presents features clinical manifestations orbital pathology children at onset acute myeloid leukemia, sarcoma, lymphoma, Langerhans cell and non-Langerhans histiocy...

BACKGROUND In Chile, leukemia is one of the diseases whose treatment is guaranteed by a special law called AUGE (universal access and explicit guaranties). Therefore, the knowledge of its treatment costs is of utmost importance. AIM To determine and to characterize the direct costs of pharmacotherapy for leukemia at a regional hospital in Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data were retrospectivel...

Objective: Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia is one of the main side effects of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment. In this trial, we evaluated the efficacy of chamomile in management of neutropenia.   Materials and Methods: This randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out in 2-18-year-old children with ALL. Particip...

Background: Pediatric patients on chemotherapy are vulnerable to invasive fungal infection especially Candida spices. Resistance to antifungal agents has increased in Candida spp., especially in non-albicans species. This study aims to assess the susceptibility of Candida spp. strains isolated from children with acute leukemia less than 18 years. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-s...

Background: The pharmacogenetic-oriented approach reduces the toxicity and increases the safety of chemotherapeutic agents. 6-mercaptopurin (6-MP) metabolizing enzymes such as thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) and inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA) contribute to variable responses and adverse effects among leukemia patients treated with 6-MP. The aim of our study was to identify th...