The effects of castration and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment on levels of skeletal muscle androgen receptor (AR) were examined in three groups of adult male rats: 1) intact normal rats, 2) rats castrated at 16 wk of age, and 3) rats castrated at 16 wk of age and given DHT for 1 wk starting at week 17. All animals were killed at 18 wk of age. Castration caused a decrease (P < 0.05) in the w...

Unilateral blepharoptosis with poor or no levator action can be corrected properly only by suspending the eyelid from the brow or frontalis muscle. This method lifts the eyelid adequately but often results in undesirable asymmetry, since the brow-frontalis lift on one side is so different from the levator lift on the other. Beard offered one solution. He cut the normal palpebral levator muscle ...

The embryologic origin of the omohyoid muscle is different from that of the other neck muscles. A number of variations such as the absence of muscle, variable sites of origin and insertion, and multiple bellies have been reported. However, variations in the inferior belly of the omohyoid muscle are rare. There have been no reports of the combined occurrence of the omohyoid muscle variation with...

OBJECTIVES To develop a 3D computer model of the anterior vaginal wall and its supports, validate that model, and then use it to determine the combinations of muscle and connective tissue impairments that result in cystocele formation, as observed on dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS A subject-specific 3D model of the anterior vaginal wall and its supports were developed based...

PURPOSE We report 3 cases of unilateral blepharoptosis after orbital medial wall reconstruction and describe the cause and clinical outcome. METHODS Observational case series. RESULTS Three previously healthy patients underwent reconstruction for orbital medial wall fracture. All 3 patients had complete unilateral upper eyelid ptosis with no levator palpebrae superioris muscle function imme...

BACKGROUND/AIM To evaluate the periocular changes due to topical bimatoprost and latanoprost use and to investigate their effects on the lacrimal drainage system. MATERIALS AND METHODS All participants (69 eyes of 43 patients, 52 eyes of 26 controls) were classified into three groups: bimatoprost (0.03%) users, latanoprost (0.005%) users, and healthy controls. Each patient was examined before...