Abstract. Levee-breach-induced flooding occurs occasionally but always causes considerable losses. A serious flood event occurred due to the collapse of a 15 m long levee section in Qianbujing Creek, Shanghai, China, during Typhoon Fitow October 2013. Heavy rainfall associated with typhoon intensified severity (extent and depth). This study investigates evolution understand dynamic nature compo...

In the study of cascading failures on complex networks, a key issue is to define capacities of edges and nodes as realistically as possible. This leads to the consideration of intrinsic edge capacity associated with laws governing flows on networks, which goes beyond the existing definitions of capacity based on the initial load as quantified by the betweenness centrality. Limited edge capacity...

We report experimental and numerical results on temporal patterns of propagation failures in reaction-diffusion systems. Experiments employ the 1,4-cyclohexanedione Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. The propagation failures occur in the frontier region of the wave train and can profoundly affect its expansion speed. The specific rhythms observed vary from simple periodic to highly complex and poss...

Large but rare cascades triggered by small initial shocks are present in most of the infrastructure networks. Here we present a simple model for cascading failures based on the dynamical redistribution of the flow on the network. We show that the breakdown of a single node is sufficient to collapse the efficiency of the entire system if the node is among the ones with largest load. This is part...

Robustness and cascading failures in interdependent systems has been an active research field in the past decade. However, most existing works use percolation-based models where only the largest component of each network remains functional throughout the cascade. Although suitable for communication networks, this assumption fails to capture the dependencies in systems carrying a flow (e.g., pow...

Regulation shapes every area of modern economic life. Getting regulation right—knowing when it is necessary, what it should accomplish, and what form it should take—is a critical part of policymaking in every society. Developing an effective oversight structure requires a complex analysis of each society's particular historical, cultural, and legal foundations. Regulation of the practice of law...

Research concerning cascading failures in complex networks has become a hot topic. However, most of the existing studies have focused on modelling the cascading phenomenon on networks and analysing network robustness from a theoretical point of view, which considers only the damage incurred by the failure of one or several nodes. However, such a theoretical approach may not be useful in practic...

Although cascading failures caused by overload on interdependent/interconnected networks have been studied in the recent years, the effect of overlapping links (inter-similarity) on robustness to such cascades in coupled networks is not well understood. This is an important issue since shared links exist in many real-world coupled networks. In this paper, we propose a new model for load-based c...