Level crossing rate, outage probability and average time of fade duration of the SSC combiner output signal are determined in this paper. The presence of log-normal fading at the input is observed. The results are shown graphically for different variance values, decision threshold values and fading parameters. Key-Words: Diversity reception, Fade Duration, Level Crossing Rate, Log-normal fading...

In this paper, we present a content-based classification approach for audio indexing. The classification is based on low level audio features such as temporal sound, energy, fundamental frequency, zero crossing rate, auto correlation curve, and based on transformations such as Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT). The audio classification in classes such as music, noise, silence, and speech is a...

The Ensemble Interval Histogram (EIH) is an auditory model which can be used as a robust \front-end" for speech recognition systems. The utilization of multiple level-crossing detectors in the EIH provides frequency and intensity information, which may be useful for speech processing. Proper determination of the number of levels and the level values is very important for reliable performance of...

Existing algorithms for mining association rule at multiple concept level, restricted mining strong association among the concept at same level of a hierarchy. However mining level-crossing association rule at multiple concept level may lead to the discovery of mining strong association among at different level of hierarchy. In this study, a top-down progressive deepening method is developed fo...

We study the dynamics of a molecule’s nuclear wave-function near an avoided crossing of two electronic energy levels, for one nuclear degree of freedom. We derive the general form of the Schrödinger equation in the n-th superadiabatic representation for all n ∈ N, and give some partial results about the asymptotics for large n. Using these results, we obtain closed formulas for the time develop...

Several key exchange methods for wireless channels have been proposed in the literature. They are referred to as physical-layer security techniques and are usually based on the channel’s fading characteristics and the principle of channel reciprocity. In this study, the authors present key exchange algorithms for wireless fading channels whose operation is based on channel estimation. Specifica...

The intensity statistics of light pulses in an atmospheric communication link are studied here for the case of a finite (nonpoint) detector aperture. The calculation of the statistics of the pulse intensities averaged over the aperture is performed by using a discrete aperture model and applying the multidimensional ognormal distribution. The results of the numerical calculations demonstrate th...

Abstract. We prove for an arbitrary one-dimensional random walk with independent increments that the probability of crossing a level at a given time n is O(n). Moment or symmetry assumptions are not necessary. In removing symmetry the (sharp) inequality P (|X+Y | ≤ 1) < 2P (|X−Y | ≤ 1) for independent identically distributed X, Y is used. In part II we shall discuss the connection of this resul...

When imaging is performed by using a coherent signal, the result is frequently a realization of the stochastic process known as speckle. The information sought from this process is often the mean value of its envelope or intensity at each point in the image plane. When only a single realization of the process is available, ergodicity is required within a sufficiently large region for accurate e...

In drawings of hierarchical graphs generated by the conventional Sugiyama framework the vertices are positioned on multiple horizontal level lines. This drawing style which allows edges only between vertices on different levels is well suited for the visualization of a common direction of flow from lower to higher levels in a graph. In this paper we are interested in reordering the vertices on ...