BACKGROUND AND AIMS In the last decade, genomic studies using DNA markers have strongly influenced the current phylogeny of angiosperms. Genome size and ploidy level have contributed to this discussion, being considered important characters in biosystematics, ecology and population biology. Despite the recent increase in studies related to genome size evolution and polyploidy incidence, only a ...

In this paper, we propose an algorithm base on decomposition technique for solvingthe mixed integer linear multiplicative-linear bilevel problems. In actuality, this al-gorithm is an application of the algorithm given by G. K. Saharidis et al for casethat the rst level objective function is linear multiplicative. We use properties ofquasi-concave of bilevel programming problems and decompose th...

To quantify the carbon (C) sink in intact tropical forests, Pan et al. (2011) multiplied ‘...region-specific estimates of C density or change in C density times the associated areas represented by the region-specific estimates.’ A retrospective interpolation based on their numbers provides insight into the possible causes of a C sink in intact tropical forests. First, however, there are two rea...

We propose two sequential monitoring schemes for detecting a change in scale. We consider a stable historical period of length m. The goal is to propose test with asymptotically small probability of false alarm and power 1 as the length of the historical period tends to infinity. The distribution under the null hypothesis and also under the alternative hypothesis is shown. A small simulation st...

Let Aρ denote the set of functions analytic in |z| < ρ but not on |z| ρ 1 < ρ < ∞ . Walsh proved that the difference of the Lagrange polynomial interpolant of f z ∈ Aρ and the partial sum of the Taylor polynomial of f converges to zero on a larger set than the domain of definition of f . In 1980, Cavaretta et al. have studied the extension of Lagrange interpolation, Hermite interpolation, and H...

In this paper, we study GF-NLFSR, a Generalized Unbalanced Feistel Network (GUFN) which can be considered as an extension of the outer function FO of the KASUMI block cipher. We show that the differential and linear probabilities of any n + 1 rounds of an n-cell GF-NLFSR are both bounded by p, where the corresponding probability of the round function is p. Besides analyzing security against dif...

Ditte Caroline Andersen,1,2,* Charlotte Harken Jensen,1 and Søren Paludan Sheikh1,3 1Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark 2Clinical Institute/University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark 3Institute of Molecular Medicine/University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Den...

Canul-Chay et al. [1] have conducted the segregation experiment of binary granular mixtures in a bed and subjected the bed to vibration. They report that the reverse Brazil-Nut phenomenon (RBNP) was never observed in their experiments and thus conclude that such does not exist. However, we have clearly demonstrated in [2] by Molecular Dynamics simulations that the reverse Brazil-Nut problem not...