Linear and nonlinear refractive index, Abbe number, electronic energy gap and oscillator strength are reported for a new series of (Mg, Ba)F2-based fluorophosphates glasses (MBBA system) doped with rare earth dopants (Er , Nd) in the concentration range of 6.67x10 2.86x10 (ions/cm) and 2.5x10 1.25x10 (ions/cm), respectively. The linear refractive index is found to increase with increasing dopan...

This paper proposes a new circuit-based approach to mitigate nonlinearity in open-loop ring-oscillator-based analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). The consists of driving current-controlled oscillator (CCO) with several transconductors connected parallel different bias conditions. current injected into the can then be properly sized linearize oscillator, performing inverse current-to-frequency f...

The trapped ion frequency source is one of a class of passive atomic frequency standards that necessarily use an ancillary frequency source to interrogate the atomic transition. For passive atomic sources such as Rubidium standards, ultimate long term performance of the source is not dependent on this local oscillator, except to the extent limited by feedback gain. For the trapped ion source th...

Protein ubiquitination and degradation play important roles in many biological functions and are associated with many human diseases. It is well known that for biochemical oscillations to occur, proper degradation rates of the participating proteins are needed. In most mathematical models of biochemical reactions, linear degradation kinetics has been used. However, the degradation kinetics in r...

An array of oscillators coupled through mutual injection locking on a nearest neighbor basis has the property of automatically adjusting itself to linear phase progression across the array in response to appropriate adjustment of the elements at the edge of the array. This mechanism is well-suited to phase generation for phased array antennas at millimeter wavelengths because it obviates the to...