Gram-negative bacteria possess an outer membrane (OM) containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Proper assembly of the OM not only prevents certain antibiotics from entering the cell, but also allows others to be pumped out. To assemble this barrier, the seven-protein lipopolysaccharide transport (Lpt) system extracts LPS from the outer leaflet of the inner membrane (IM), transports it across the pe...

Abstract Because the macrophage responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) might determine direction of clinical manifestations sepsis (severe infection), impacts enhancer zeste homologue 2 (Ezh2; a histone lysine methyltransferase epigenetic regulation) were explored. The transcriptomic analysis on LPS-activated wild-type macrophages demonstrated an alteration several enzymes. Although Ezh2 silenci...

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common respiratory disease characterized by the alveolar edema and pulmonary inflammation, which results in failure even death. The current research study was planned to assess beneficial properties of rubusoside against LPS-provoked ALI mice through alleviation oxidative stress inflammatory responses. viability lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-provoked RAW 264.7 cells were...

The increased prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, especially during the COVID-19 outbreak, necessitates search for natural immune- and cognitive-enhancing agents. 10-Hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (10-H2DA), main fatty royal jelly, has several pharmacological activities. Given fundamental role astrocytes in regulating immune responses central nervous system, we used cortical to examine eff...

This study tested the ability of lactoferrin to modulate pulmonary inflammation. To construct in vitro and vivo inflammatory lung models, cells from human adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) were exposed lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 µg/mL), mice (CD-1) intratracheally administered LPS [10 mg/kg body weight (BW), tracheal lumen injection], respectively. The A549 preincubated with (10 mg/mL), intraperi...

Abstract Monocyte exhaustion reflected in pathogenic inflammation and immune suppression underlies the pathogenesis of sepsis. The objective this study is to define novel approaches alleviating monocyte exhaustion, based on intriguing clinical reports that BCG components may be beneficial reducing polymicrobial infection-triggered sepsis severity. We recapitulated vitrothe development exhausted...

Abstract Objectives Inflammation can be endogenously modulated by the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway via calcium (Ca 2+ )-permeable alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) ion channel expressed in immune cells. α7nAChR agonist choline and tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) produces immunomodulatory effects. This study aimed to determine effects of KYNA on lipopolysacc...

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism of action and effects abietic acid (AA) in a mouse acute lung injury (ALI) model.
 Methods: A ALI model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction. Lung tissues were examined for histological alterations scored based on degree injury. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α levels measured enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while nu...

In the face of increasingly serious environmental pollution, health human lung tissues is also facing threats. Mogroside ⅡE (M2E) main metabolite sweetening agents mogrosides from anti-tussive Chinese herbal Siraitia Grosvenori. The study elucidated anti-inflammatory action and molecular mechanism M2E against acute injury (ALI). A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI model was establishe...

Abstract Inhaled glucocorticoids (GCs) are the first-line treatment for asthma. However, patients with asthma characterized by recruitment of neutrophils show poor sensitivity to GC therapy. A potential etiology this GC-resistant is aerosolized cyanobacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from blooms. Previously, we demonstrated that inhalation LPS Geitlerinema sp. cyanobacteria induces neutrophilic...