critical discourse analysis has proved to be of great help in analyzing the form and meaning of literary works. certain scholars such as norman fairclough have greatly improved such studies. the present study deals with one of the political letters of mas'ud i of ghazni to arsalan khan written by his secretary abul-fazl bayhaqi. the complete version of the letter has been recorded in bayhaqi’s ...

The UK publishing industry in the twenty-fi rst century is one populated by high-profi le, multicultural authors. Monica Ali, Hari Kunzru, Andrea Levy and Zadie Smith have enjoyed critical and commercial success, building on the literary and marketplace achievements of postcolonial writers such as Salman Rushdie, Ben Okri and Arundhati Roy. Postcolonial and multicultural writers, and novels wit...

The Western fascination with Persia, intensified though it was by the nineteenth century obsession with Indo-European languages, extends back into the classical origins of European culture. As Edward Said notes, Aeschylus' The Persians demonstrates how deeply embedded in the European mind is the belief in Persia's quintessential status as an Oriental society. For many Orientalists Persia demons...