The advantages of free threshing in wheat led to the selection of the domesticated Q allele, which is now present in almost all modern wheat varieties. Q and the pre-domestication allele, q, encode an AP2 transcription factor, with the domesticated allele conferring a free-threshing character and a subcompact (i.e. partially compact) inflorescence (spike). We demonstrate that mutations in the m...

We simulate the size segregation of a binary mixture of granular material in a half filled two-dimensional rotating drum using the discrete elements method with linear contact forces. The dynamics of the segregation process is studied in detail as function of the angular velocity of the drum. We propose an order parameter to characterize the final amount of segregation and the segregation speed...

Music production relies increasingly on advanced hardware and software tools that makes the creative process more flexible and versatile. The advancement of these tools helps reduce both the time and money required to create music. This paper presents research towards enhancing the functionality of a key tool, the drum machine. We add the ability to learn how to groove from human drummers, an i...

Size segregation of granular mixtures which are almost completely packed in a rotating drum is discussed with an effective simulation and a brief analysis. Instead of a 3D drum, we simulate 2D rotating thin box which is almost completely packed with granular mixtures. The phase inversion of radially segregated pattern which was found in a 3D experiment are qualitatively reproduced with this sim...

Spatial and temporal variability in distribution and growth of newly settled red drum Sciaenops ocellatus were examined in the Aransas Estuary, Texas, USA. Overall, 1891 red drum larvae and early juveniles (4 to 30 mm standard length. SL) were identified from weekly epibenthic sled collections taken during the annual recruitment period (September-December 1994). Densities ranged from 0.0 to 3.4...

Mike came from a farming background in the north of England and spent much of his childhood on the family farm during World War II (1939– 1945). This was before the days of full mechanisations and he can claim to have ploughed with horses and harvested cereals for threshing by steam power. His mother harboured ideas of having a "blood and guts" veterinarian in the family but a career in agricul...

An algorithm is presented which automatically sets the attack, release, threshold, and hold parameters of a noise gate applied to drum recordings which contain bleed from secondary sources. The gain parameter which controls the amount of attenuation applied when the gate is closed is retained, to allow the user to control the strength of the gate. The gate settings are found by minimising the a...

In order to explore the possibility of a timbre-based rhythm theory, a drum pattern classification system was developed, which is capable of describing the internal structure of a drum groove in a stochastic way. Using an onset detection algorithm, timbral features were extracted at every drum onset of the sample file. Next, a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) was fitted to the data. Local decoding of ...