Surface longwave radiation (SLR) is an essential geophysical parameter of Earth’s energy balance, and its estimation based on thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing data has been extensively studied. However, it difficult to estimate cloudy SLR from TIR measurements. Satellite passive microwave (PMW) radiometers measure under the clouds therefore can in all weather conditions. We constructed ret...

Five global monthly top-of-atmosphere (TOA) outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) products are evaluated in this study, including the derived from High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS), Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES), Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), CM SAF cLoud, Albedo surface RAdiation dataset AVHRR data (CLARA), Global Water Cycle EXchanges (GEWEX)...

The study of climate and climate change is hindered by a lack of information on the effect of clouds on the radiation balance of the earth, referred to as the cloud-radiative forcing. Quantitative estimates of the global distributions of cloud-radiative forcing have been obtained from the spaceborne Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) launched in 1984. For the April 1985 period, the global...

Large-scale deforestation may affect the surface energy budget and consequently climate by changing the physical properties of the land surface, namely biophysical effects. This study presents the potential energy budget change caused by deforestation in Northeastern China and its climate implications, which was evaluated by quantifying the differences in MODIS-observed surface physical propert...

For the tropical atmosphere on planetary scales, it is common to model the circulation using strong damping. Here, with new data analysis techniques, evidence suggests that damping can actually be neglected. Specifically, near the equator, the east–west overturning circulation is in agreement with the undamped wave response to atmospheric heating. To estimate the heating, satellite observations...