In many applications in engineering and science, it is important to know whether the response of a nonlinear system is chaotic. This characterization is possible by the evaluation of the one-dimensional Lyapunov characteristic exponent (LCE). In this paper, a numerical procedure to calculate the LCE of continuous systems discretized using finite element methods is presented.

Context. Rotational evolution in the pre-main sequence is described with new sets of pre-MS evolutionary tracks including rotation, non-gray boundary conditions (BCs) and either low (LCE) or high convection efficiency (HCE). Aims. Using observational data and our theoretical predictions, we aim at constraining (1) the differences obtained for the rotational evolution of stars within the ONC by ...

This study presents a novel two-stage thiol-acrylate Michael addition-photopolymerization (TAMAP) reaction to prepare main-chain liquid-crystalline elastomers (LCEs) with facile control over network structure and programming of an aligned monodomain. Tailored LCE networks were synthesized using routine mixing of commercially available starting materials and pouring monomer solutions into molds ...

The epidermal barrier varies over the body surface to accommodate regional environmental stresses. Regional skin barrier variation is produced by site-dependent epidermal differentiation from common keratinocyte precursors and often manifests as site-specific skin disease or irritation. There is strong evidence for body-site-dependent dermal programming of epidermal differentiation in which the...

Functional electrical stimulation leg cycle ergometry (FES-LCE), which is often used as exercise for people with spinal cord injury (SCI), has recently been applied in the motor rehabilitation of stroke patients. Recently completed studies show controversial results, but with a tendency to positive training effects. Current technology is identical to that used in FES-LCE for SCI, whereas the pa...

TO THE EDITOR Human and rodent LCE gene clusters are located on the epidermal differentiation complexes (EDC; 1q21 in human, 3F2.1 in mouse and 2q34 in rat) and encode multiple small genes with similarities, particularly over their Nterminal region, to small proline-rich proteins. Many LCE genes contain the glycine–serine–cysteine-rich motif typical of cornified envelope proteins such as loricr...

Greenhouse gas emission reduction has become the responsibility and consensus of all mankind’s development, the way of non-sustainable land use results in a lot of greenhouse gas emissions in the context of low-carbon economy. On the basis of revealing impact of land use on carbon emissions and status of carbon emissions, this paper proposes the regulation proposals of land use based on low-car...

The objective was an assessment of the impact of Leonurus cardiaca L. extract (LCE) and ursolic acid (UA) on the adhesive properties of Staphylococus aureus NCTC 8325 strain, expressing virulence factors important in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis. The adhesion and biofilm formation of bacteria cultured in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of LCE or UA on the abiotic surf...

Functional electrical stimulation leg cycle ergometry (FES-LCE), which is often used as exercise for people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) has been recently applied in the motor rehabilitation of stroke patients. Recently completed studies show controversial results, but with a tendency to positive training effects. Technology involved at the moment is identical to the one used in FES-LCE for SC...