Highlights d Multiple mLEDs and recording sites were fabricated monolithically on silicon d Spikes were robustly induced using ultra-low optical power (60 nW) d Neurons 50 mm apart were controlled independently in CA1 of freely moving mice d Deep and superficial parts of CA pyramidal layer form distinct ripple generators In Brief Recording and stimulating multiple individual neurons is critical...

High glucocorticoid concentrations are accompanied by metabolic side effects such as high plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations. Liver, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue are important regulators of plasma TG. Exposure to 4°C reduces plasma TG concentrations, and we therefore aimed to study the interaction between glucocorticoid excess and 24 hours of exposure to 4°C on lipid...

high concentration of heavy metals or long time exposure to low concentrations of these metals can usually decrease the hematological indices in fish. therefore the aim of this study was to indicate changes in hematology and serum chemistry of common carp (cyprinus carpio) after low cadmium concentration exposure. 60 apparently healthy common carp (mean weight of 700g) divided in two groups and...

INTRODUCTION Osteogenic effects of therapeutic fluoride have been reported; however, the impact of exposure to low level water fluoridation on bone density is not clear. We investigated the effect of long-term exposure to fluoridated water from growth to young adulthood on bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS BMD was measured in 24 healthy women from Regina (fluoride 0.1 mg/L) and 33 from Sask...

The direct vasoactive effects of native and oxidatively modified low density lipoproteins as well as their effects on endothelium-dependent relaxations to 5-hydroxytryptamine were studied in isolated rings of pig right coronary artery. Slowly developing contractions were caused by native low density lipoproteins (100 gg protein/ml). The contractions were more pronounced in the absence than in t...

using a cluster sampling method, a group of menopausal women from three geographic areas in tehran were asked to participate in the study. demographic data was obtained using a questionnaire. subjects were than referred to perform bone mass densitometry (bmd). the relationship between various variables (i.e. age of menarche, number of years of endogenous estrogen exposure, ... ) with mineral de...

We report a very low density ( approximately 0.5 g/cm(3)) structure of solid ozone. It is produced by irradiation of solid oxygen with 100 keV protons at 20 K followed by heating to sublime unconverted oxygen. Upon heating to 47 K the porous ozone compacts to a density of approximately 1.6 g/cm(3) and crystallizes. We use a detailed analysis of the main infrared absorption band of the porous oz...

The general subset sum problem is NP-complete. However, there are two algorithms, one due to Brickell and the other to Lagarias and Odlyzko, which in polynomial time solve almost all subset sum problems of suuciently low density. Both methods rely on basis reduction algorithms to nd short non-zero vectors in special lattices. The Lagarias-Odlyzko algorithm would solve almost all subset sum prob...