Protein aggregation is a long-standing problem for preservation of proteins in both laboratory settings and for commercial biotechnology products. It is well established that heating (cooling) can accelerate (slow) aggregation by populating (depopulating) unfolded or partially unfolded monomer states that are key intermediates in aggregation processes. However, there is a long-standing question...

As technology scaling becomes increasing more difficult, other venues such as decreasing operation temperature have offered further improvement in circuits. This paper presents the advantages of low (liquid nitrogen or LN) temperature have on CMOS circuits as well as a survey of current applications. Motivation for low temperature electronics (LTE) has risen further from the prominent drawbacks...

We investigate low temperature (T ) properties of three classical quantum statistics models: (I) the Fermi-Dirac equation, (II) the Boltzman equation, and (III) the Bose-Einstein equation. It is widely assumed that each of these equations is valid for all T > 0. For each equation we prove that this assumption leads to erroneous predictions as T → 0. Our approach to correct these errors gives ne...

This review presents a critical survey of all experimental data about the low temperature degradation of zirconia (often referred to as "aging") due to the tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation, which have been collected at temperatures of interest for dental application (room temperature to about 100 degrees C). It is shown that the main factors affecting the aging phenomenon are (i) the sta...

We report the observation of an anomalous magnetoresistance in extremely dilute quasi-one-dimensional AuFe wires at low temperatures, along with a hysteretic background at low fields. The Kondo resistivity does not show the unitarity limit down to the lowest temperature, implying uncompensated spin states. We suggest that the anomalous magnetoresistance may be understood as the interference cor...

hypothermia generates potentially severe complications in operating or recovery room. forced air warmer is effective to maintain body temperature. extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (elf-emf) is harmful to human body and mainly produced by electronic equipment including convective air warming system. we investigated elf-emf from convective air warming device on various temperature se...

Low temperatures are used routinely to preserve diverse biospecimens, genetic resources and non-viable or viable biosamples for medical and clinical research in hospital-based biobanks and non-medical biorepositories, such as genebanks and culture, scientific, museum, and environmental collections. However, the basic knowledge underpinning preservation can sometimes be overlooked by practitione...

La nuclear quadrupole resistance ~NQR! and relaxation measurements in lightly hole-doped La1.82xEu0.2SrxCuO4 have been used to investigate the microscopic properties of the low-temperature orthorhombic to low-temperature tetragonal transition. The transition is characterized by a sharp peak in La NQR relaxation rate, indicating phonon softening. We find that the structural phase transition is a...