The Cognitive Basis of Stupidity shows that the mechanism belief in supernatural and cultural systems is one same. There no difference way we God or government. We take both on faith fit incoming data to suit our predispositions be they spiritual secular. Contrary Dar-winian thinking, basic cognitive mind maladaptive long run best present-ed as a normal, dysfunctional learning process which occ...

The aim of this study was to examine the determinants and effects of optimism in the process of schema-focused cognitive therapy of personality problems. The sample consisted of 35 patients with panic disorder and/or agoraphobia and DSM-IV Cluster C personality traits who participated in an 11-week residential program with one symptom-focused and one personality-focused phase. This study examin...

This presented research aimed to determine the role of early maladaptive schemas in change general mental health and well-being during COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. We focused on changes (anxiety depressive symptoms, morbid thoughts, suicidal ideation) well-being. Our retrospective study included 499 adults (316 women 173 men). employed following tools: General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30), s...

Both object relations theory and early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are related to the quality of bond established with first objects. This affects on psychological structures individuals, their choice romantic partners relationship processes these in adulthood, by creating a template for future. In this study, between EMSs was examined. order examine two concepts, Bell Object Relations Reality T...

BACKGROUND Addiction is considered as one of the major problems in family and community in the world. According to cognitive view, organizing the experiences determines how to behave. Due to their importance in interpretation of special situations, cognitive schemas and attributional styles have a significant role in cognitive theories. The aim of this study was to compare early maladaptive sch...

Personality disorders are complex mental health problems, associated with chronic dysfunction in several life domains. Adolescents suffer from these disorders as well. The present study is a naturalistic case study, investigating whether group schematherapy (GST) can be applied to adolescents with personality disorders or personality disorder traits. Four clinically referred patients were inclu...