The Ron receptor tyrosine kinase regulates multiple cellular processes and is important during mammary gland development and tumor progression. Hepatocyte growth factor-like protein [HGFL] is the only known ligand for the Ron receptor and recent studies have identified major roles for HGFL during breast cancer metastasis. Understanding the functional importance HGFL during mammary gland develop...

Process of diagnostic procedures (oncological approach) Phase I: Primary diagnosis 1. Fine Needle Biopsy of tumor in left breast number 1666/2007cellular neoplasm (september 2007). 2. Thick needle biopsy 4.10.2007indeterminate results. Phase II: Surgical diagnoses 1. Quadrant resection of left mammary gland with tumor (T2N0Mx) (October 12,2007) hisological pathology number 14946 Infiltrative du...

An integral membrane glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 155,000 and isoelectric points ranging from 7.2 to 7.6 has been found to be predominantly expressed on the apical plasma membrane of luminal epithelial cell lining the lobules and terminal ducts in breast. The glycoprotein was purified to homogeneity from human milk-fat-globule membrane and was termed MFGM-gp 155. Polyclonal...

Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women caused by cancer. The primary treatment for breast surgery, where several recommended surgical methods are breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy. Postoperative mastectomy reconstruction has provided an opportunity to overcome emotional and aesthetic burden malignancy.
 Methods: This research a descriptive observational stud...

Benign epithelial inclusions present in sentinel lymph nodes a diagnostic challenge, particularly at frozen section, and can be mistaken for metastatic malignancy. Heterotopic breast tissue axillary is well documented,1 as its potential proliferative changes including papillomas.2 Also described the concept of iatrogenic cell displacement complication needle procedures contributing to lesions w...

We have previously shown that Annexin A8 (ANXA8) is strongly associated with the basal-like subgroup of breast cancers, including BRCA1-associated breast cancers, and poor prognosis; while in the mouse mammary gland AnxA8 mRNA is expressed in low-proliferative isolated pubertal mouse mammary ductal epithelium and after enforced involution, but not in isolated highly proliferative terminal end b...

The estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) is a critical transcription factor that regulates epithelial cell proliferation and ductal morphogenesis during postnatal mammary gland development. Tissue recombination and transplantation studies using the first generation of ERalpha knockout (ERKO) mice suggested that this steroid hormone receptor is required in the mammary stroma that subsequently exert...

The hedgehog signaling network regulates pattern formation, proliferation, cell fate and stem/progenitor cell self-renewal in many organs. Altered hedgehog signaling is implicated in 20-25% of all cancers, including breast cancer. We demonstrated previously that heterozygous disruption of the gene encoding the patched-1 (PTCH1) hedgehog receptor, a negative regulator of smoothened (Smo) in the ...

juvenile fibroadenoma is an uncommon histologic variant of fibroadenoma that frequently shows a remarkable and rapid growth. the development of a carcinoma within a fibroadenoma, either in situ or invasive, is a rare condition. we encountered a 36-year-old woman with a palpable mass in the right breast. the radiologic findings were indicative of a fibroadenoma in the breast. sonographic guided ...

Benign epithelial lesions with no significant tendency to malignant transformation include: adenoma: -Ductal -lactating -Tubular adenosis: -apocrine -blunt duct -microglandular -sclerosing fibroadenoma radial scar/complex sclerosing lesions Invasive breast carcinomas are divided into two major categories on the basis of their cytoarchitectural features: Invasive ductal carcinoma: -acinic cell c...