If one defines the distance between two points as the Manhattan distance (the sum of the horizontal distance along streets and the vertical distance along avenues) then one can define a city as being optimal if the average distance between pairs of points is a minimum. In this paper a nonlinear differential equation for the boundary curve of such a city is determined. The problem solved here is...

it is necessary to generate the automorphism group of a chemical graph in computer-aidedstructure elucidation. an euclidean graph associated with a molecule is defined by a weightedgraph with adjacency matrix m = [dij], where for i≠j, dij is the euclidean distance between thenuclei i and j. in this matrix dii can be taken as zero if all the nuclei are equivalent. otherwise,one may introduce dif...

In speech processing, gender clustering and classification plays a major role. In both gender clustering and classification, selecting the feature is an important process and the often utilized feature for gender clustering and classification in speech processing is pitch. The pitch value of a male speech differs much from that of a female speech. Normally, there is a considerable frequency val...

The increasing number of digitized texts presently available notably on the Web has developed an acute need in text mining techniques. Clustering systems are used more and more often in text mining, especially to analyze texts and to extract knowledge they contain. With the availability of the vast amount of clustering algorithms and techniques, it becomes highly confusing to a user to choose t...

Day by day the use of image processing is increasing. Now a days image processing is the part and parcel of medical science. By image processing many types of cancer are easily detected. Skin cancer is one of them. In this paper the proposed method detects two types of skin one is cancerous skin and another is affected but not cancerous skin. Skin cancers are most common cancer in human. Skin c...