B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) expression is indispensable for survival of most B-cell malignancies. In follicular lymphoma (FL), N-linked glycosylation sites are introduced in the immunoglobulin (Ig) variable region genes. Oligosaccharides added to the acquired sites are unusually of the high-mannose type. These glycans interact with mannose-specific lectins, especially with dendritic cell-spec...

Five hundred sixty-five million years ago, when the world was empty and barren because animal life had not colonized land yet, a common ancestor that we share with sea squirts (Ascidians) inhabited the seas. One of the genes that we still share with sea squirts today is a gene for mannose-binding lectin (MBL), signifying that this gene has existed for 1565 million years [1, 2] and, thus, has be...

Human mannose-binding lectin (MBL) recognizes a wide range of microorganisms and triggers the most ancient pathway of complement activation. However, approximately 5% of individuals lack functional serum MBL and have not been found to be prone to severe infections in prospective studies. These data suggest that human MBL is largely redundant for protective immunity and may even have been subjec...

STAT proteins bind DNA as dimers and tetramers to control cellular development, differentiation, survival, and expansion. The tetramer binding sites are comprised of two dimer-binding sites repeated in tandem. The genome-wide distribution of the spacings between the dimer binding sites shows a distinctive, non-random pattern. Here, we report on estimating the feasibility of building possible mo...

Thyrotropin (TSH) is a glycoprotein hormone whose secretion from the anterior pituitary is regulated, in part, by the hypothalamic tripeptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). We have used serial lectin affinity analysis to explore whether TRH, in addition to promoting TSH secretion, alters the carbohydrate structure of secreted TSH. Hypothyroid mouse hemipituitaries were incubated in medium...

Lectin-like bacteriotoxic proteins, identified in several plant-associated bacteria, are able to selectively kill closely related species, including several phytopathogens, such as Pseudomonas syringae and Xanthomonas species, but so far their mode of action remains unrevealed. The crystal structure of LlpABW, the prototype lectin-like bacteriocin from Pseudomonas putida, reveals an architectur...

Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is a liver derived protein which plays an important role in innate immunity. Mannose binding lectin gene 2 (MBL2) polymorphisms are reported to be associated with various diseases. In spite of being exhaustively studied molecule, no attempt has been made till date to comprehensively and systematically analyze the SNPs of MBL2 gene. The present study was carried out ...

Recognition of bacteria by phagocytes is crucial to host defenses against infection. The elimination of bacteria generally occurs by specific receptormediated endocytosis and intracellular digestion . In the immune host, phagocytosis by Fc receptors and complement receptors is mediated by the presence of IgGand certain complement components on the bacterial surface. In the absence of these opso...