In marine organisms, a pelagic larval stage increases the opportunities for long-distance dispersal and is often associated with little genetic differentiation over large geographical distances. Here we test the hypothesis that early life-history characteristics, including larval spatial distributions, affect the rates of dispersal and, therefore, the levels of genetic partitioning among three ...

Developments in pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) have greatly improved scientific understanding of the postrelease survival, behavior, and movements of marine vertebrates—animals from which it is not always practical to physically recover tags to obtain data (Arnold and Dewar, 2001; Graves et. al. 2002). PSATs take measurements of physical conditions (e.g., temperature, pressure, light le...

Structural change in both the habitat and reef-associated fish assemblages within spatially managed coral reefs can provide key insights into the benefits and limitations of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). While MPA zoning effects on particular target species are well reported, we are yet to fully resolve the various affects of spatial management on the structure of coral reef communities over d...

Reproduction of external fertilizing vertebrates is typically constrained to either fresh or salt water, not both. For all studied amphibians and fishes, this constraint includes immotile sperm that are activated after ejaculation only by the specific chemistry of the fertilizing medium in which the species evolved (fresh, brackish, or salt water). No amphibians can reproduce in the sea. Althou...

Through systematic Reef Life Survey censuses of rocky reef fishes, invertebrates and macroalgae at eight marine reserves across northern New Zealand and the Kermadec Islands, we investigated whether a system of no-take marine reserves generates consistent biodiversity outcomes. Ecological responses of reef assemblages to protection from fishing, including potential trophic cascades, were assess...

One of the major ecosystem impacts offishing is the selective extirpation oflarge, long-lived fishes and their replacement in the ecosystem and in fisheries catches by small, short-lived fishes and invertebrates. As large fish tend to be top-predators, feeding on smaller' fishes while smaller fish and invertebrates feed on plankton and/or detritus, this process, recently shown to be operating g...

The extraordinary species richness of teleost fishes has attracted much research on mechanisms and modes of speciation. We here review research on speciation in freshwater fish in light of speciation theory, and place this in a context of knowledge about broad-scale diversity patterns in freshwater fishes. We structure our review around the major axes of divergence during speciation in freshwat...

1. The retinas of all marine fishes so far examined except the Labridae, and of all terrestrial vertebrates contain the rhodopsin system alone; those of fresh water fishes the porphyropsin system alone. In the present paper the visual systems of a number of euryhaline fishes are examined-fishes capable of existence in a wide range of salinities, though usually restricted in spawning either to t...

Physiological studies of larval fishes have lagged far behind those of adults, yet offer tremendous opportunities for expanding our knowledge of the basic biology of both marine and freshwater fishes. Physiological studies of larval fishes can also improve research and management in areas of applied science, such as aquaculture, fisheries, and environmental assessment. Additionally, larval fish...

Recruitment pulses of reef fishes can result in significant changes in both population and community structure of fishes on reefs (reviewed by Sale, 1991). These pulses can occur because of increased reproduction (Danilowicz, 1997), increased larval or juvenile Pulses of commercially valuable species can also be significant factors to consider for fishery management, as a pulse may be fished do...