background the production of nanoparticles using a biosystem is considered green chemistry. application of plant extracts as a biological process has been proven to be suitable for synthesis of nanoparticles. objectives this study designed in order to evaluate the production of silver nanoparticles using juglans regia leaf extract and to compare the outcome of different preparation methods of p...

background :    due to excessive consumption of synthetic drugs, drug resistance rate of pathogenic bacteria is increasing and there is an ever-increasing need to find new safe compounds to tackle this problem. this study was conducted to investigate the consequences of chavill extract on the growth and viability of gastrointestinal pathogenic bacterium and probiotics bacteria.   methods :    t...

objective: many species of plants present noticeable potency against human bacterial and fungal pathogens. materials and methods: in the current study, antimicrobial activity of the fresh fruits of 4 cultivars (a to d) of malus domestica cultivated in the qamsar area of kashan, iranwas investigated. the disk diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) evaluation antimicrobial activity ...

background & aim: restrictions on the use of synthetic antioxidant such as butylated hydroxyanisole (bha) and butylated hydroxytoluene (bht) are being imposed because of their carcinogecity . experimental: in this investigation, optimization of phenolic extraction process from methanolic (80%) extract (v/v) of  flomideschema parviflorum through response surface methodology by fulin cio-calt...

Ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) is characterized by low to very low amplitude propulsive contractions in the distal esophagus, hence primarily affecting the smooth muscle part of the esophagus. IEM is often found in patients with dysphagia or heartburn and is commonly associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease. IEM is assumed to be associated with ineffective bolus transport; however...

T he article in PNAS by Casey et al. (1) reports previously undescribed data from individuals who participated as preschoolers in Mischel’s now-classic delay of gratification studies conducted at Stanford University’s Bing Nursery School in the early 1970s. Now in their mid-40s, these individuals performed a Go–No-go task, in which they were instructed to press a key when a certain stimulus (e....

the expansion of aquaculture in the last 10 years has made it an important source of protein worldwide.  however, increased production, and the culture intensification it carries, results in higher risk of infectious disease due to poor water quality and high stocking densities. disease has several negative effects on fish, which include reduced feed efficiency, impaired growth and death, repre...

background & aim: fabaceae plant family cow tail (smirnovia iranica) is one of the valuable species of native shrubs and sand dunes in the central region of iran which is consistent with the production of forage and soil conservation and creating a beautiful landscape; it has the active ingredients of medicinal values. the purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of some phytoc...

background & aim: during human history, most of infectious diseases have been cured with herbal drugs traditionally so that, nowadays, in most developing countries, herbal drugs play an important role in primal remedy. this study has been done according to the appropriate climate and biodiversity of plants in golestan province in order to investigate the antimicrobial activity of alcoholics...