The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in many tumor types is a major barrier to successful anticancer therapy. Among the mechanisms that lead to such chemoresistance is inhibition of apoptotic signaling in MDR cancer cells through glycosylation of the apoptotic mediator ceramide. Glucosylceramide, subsequently cannot propagate the apoptotic signal to result in cell death, thereby render...

Iodinated derivatives of verapamil were synthesized and tested as P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal agents. The ability of these compounds to revert MDR was evaluated on daunorubicin-resistant K562 cells, by measuring the intracellular accumulation of rhodamine 123, a fluorescent probe of Pgp transport activity. One of the investigated compounds (16c) was found t...

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is one of the most prevalent hematologic malignancies in children. although the cure rate of all has improved over the past decades, the most important reason for all treatment failure is multidrug resistance (mdr) phenomenon. the current study aims to explain the mechanisms involved in multidrug resistance of childhood all, and introduces atp-binding cassette...

Globally, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) is declining but the proportion of drug-resistant cases has increased. Strains resistant to both isoniazid and rifampin, and possibly other antibiotics, called multidrug-resistant (MDR), are particularly difficult to treat. Poorer outcomes, including increased mortality, occur in patients infected with MDR strains and the costs associated with treatm...

OBJECTIVE To reassess the practical value of verbal autopsy data, which, in the absence of more definitive information, have been used to describe the causes of maternal mortality and to identify priorities in programmes intended to save women's lives in developing countries. METHODS We reanalysed verbal autopsy data from a study of 145 maternal deaths that occurred in Guerrero, Querétaro and...

background: evidence proposes that maternal calcium (ca) supplement during pregnancy may be inversely associated with the off spring’s blood  pressure (bp) level. it is suggested that increased maternal ca intake during pregnancy may result in lower bp in the off spring. the reduction in the incidence of hypertension in mothers is documented but the effects on the off spring are uncertain.mater...

This essay provides a review of 25 years of maternal mortality reduction policies proposed by international bodies under the Safe Motherhood Initiative(SMI), and explores the relevance of cultural preferences for birth care in maternal death reduction policies. This review is significant for public health because it addresses the public health mission of ensuring quality and effective health ca...

BACKGROUND Multidrug resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB) is becoming a major threat to tuberculosis control programs in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVES To determine risk factors of MDR-TB patients in Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. METHODS Case-control study was conducted from May 2013 to January 2014. Resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid were done molecularly using line probe assay. TB patient...

Background & aim: Child marriage, which defined as a formal marriage or informal union before the age of 18 years, occurs widely throughout the world. Child marriage directly impacts girls’ education, reproductive and sexual health, as well as psychological well-being. In this regard, the current review was conducted to examine the reproductive and sexual health consequences of child marriage. ...