Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) may be viewed as an analytic approximation of an intractable likelihood coupled with an elementary simulation step. Considering the first step as an explicit approximation of the likelihood allows, also, maximum-likelihood (or maximum-aposteriori) inference to be conducted, approximately, using essentially the same techniques. Such an approach is developed...

In this paper, I provide a tutorial exposition on maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). The intended audience of this tutorial are researchers who practice mathematical modeling of cognition but are unfamiliar with the estimation method. Unlike least-squares estimation which is primarily a descriptive tool, MLE is a preferred method of parameter estimation in statistics and is an indispensable t...

capacity of a road facility as an important characteristic in transportation and traffic studies is defined as the maximum rate of flow that could be held by that facility, which has been supposed to have a constant and certain value. this assumption, although necessary for most traffic studies, has also caused some problems, like that of demand exceeding capacity in many road facilities. resea...