Abstract Annual maximum lake surface temperature influences ecosystem structure and function and, in particular, the rates of metabolic activities, species survival biogeography. Here, we evaluated 50 years observational data, from 1966 to 2015, for ten European lakes quantify changes annual duration above a potentially critical 20 °C. Our results show that has increased at an average rate +0.5...

it is correct control and monitoring of modern embankment dams that are very vital in the geotechniqual constructions. the improvement of methods of stability control, using the effective stress and the measurement of ganglionic water pressure in embankment dams cause more the safety for this kind of dams. nowedays there is such an idea that in stead of using of being safety factor against coas...

With projected changes in the marine environment under global climate change, the effects of single stressors on corals have been relatively well studied. However, more focus should be placed on the interactive effects of multiple stressors if their impacts upon corals are to be assessed more realistically. Elevation of sea surface temperature is projected under global climate change, and futur...

In contrast to straight tunnels, the mechanisms of displacement surrounding soil induced by shield excavation small radius curved tunnels are more complex. Based on field monitoring data surface settlement and horizontal a tunnel in section Zhengzhou Metro Line 3, numerical model using three-dimensional finite element method is established evaluate factors soil. The results verify validity simu...

The foundation is the structure of lower part a building that directly related to ground or located below surface which has function bearing load other parts above it. There are various kinds dynamic capacity pile foundation, one used with field test results, namely PDA Test. purpose this research determine carrying piles using Test data then results analysis will be compared calculations Plaxi...

We developed a benthic standard monitoring unit for recruitment of fishes (SMURF) to sample fishes that settle in coral rubble and tested it on three fringing reefs on the west coast of Barbados, West Indies. These rubble SMURFs are inexpensive to construct and permit newly settled fishes, including cryptic, secretive and small species, to be quickly and fairly completely (>83%) removed by dive...

Payment systems are one of the key Financial Market Infrastructures (FMIs) and have showed remarkable progress over the past two decades. The first half of this chapter focuses on the evolutionary process of payment systems, starting with the Deferred Net Settlement (DNS) system and progressing to the RealTime Gross Settlement (RTGS) system. Subsequently, much more sophisticated payment systems...

Processes occurring early in the life stages of corals can greatly influence the demography of coral populations, and successful settlement of coral larvae that leads to recruitment is a critical life history stage for coral reef ecosystems. Although corals in Singapore persist in one the world's most anthropogenically impacted reef systems, our understanding of the role of coral settlement in ...