WASTE NOT William Edwards Deming, the first child of William Albert Deming and Pluma Irene Edwards, was born on 14 October 1900 in Sioux City, Iowa. His father worked mainly in freelance legal work and his mother gave music lessons on their grand Kimball piano. As a child, Deming grew up in meagre conditions. He and his family lived for years in a tarpaper shack. As a boy he worked at a hotel f...

Samples of milk were taken at intervals during lactation from 35 mothers of term and 26 mothers of preterm infants and assayed for 8 B complex vitamins. Both term and preterm milks varied widely in vitamin content between mothers. Mean concentrations of thiamin, vitamin B6, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, and folic acid increased progressively over several weeks after parturition but ...

Sustainable development in aquaculture is equivalent to disease prevention, and vaccination has become the single most important tool. There has been a dramatic reduction in use of antibiotics in Norwegian salmon farming since the introduction of oil-based vaccines. Today, it is an industry standard in all salmon-producing countries, and we are seeing a similar approach being adopted in Japan f...

East Kangaroo Island is a low, mostly calcarenite-covered granitic island in the Furneaux Group which was observed in 1828 to have been fertile and well-wooded by Allocasuarina verticillata. Over 160 years of grazing and a succession of drought years have contributed to the decline of the native vegetation in biomass, ground cover and native species diversity. In the summer 0[1999/2000, bare gr...

Endometriosis is a gynaecological disorder that is characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity 1 . In developed countries, it occurs in up to 20% of women of reproductive age and is a common cause of pelvic pain and infertility 1,2 . In sub-Saharan Africa, epidemiological data on the prevalence of endometriosis among African indigenous women are meagre 3 . In so...

This paper considers the current empirical status of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) as a treatment method for specific phobias, along with some conceptual and practical issues in relation to its use. Both uncontrolled and controlled studies on the application of EMDR with specific phobias demonstrate that EMDR can produce significant improvements within a limited number of...

Twenty six hypoxaemic patients with severe and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were treated with continuous domiciliary oxygen for a six month period. The patients were evaluated 1, 3 and 6 months after the start of oxygen therapy. In addition to blood gas analysis, 15 coping skills were evaluated by the patient and by the nurse, who also rated the general activity of the pa...

Thiopental, monosodium 5-ethyl-5(1-methylbutyl) -thiobarbiturate, is extensively used in clinical anesthesia either as a primary anesthetic agent for short surgical procedures or as a supplementary drug in conjunction with other anesthetics. Fatalities have been attributed to its use (1, 2) and cardiac arrest has occurred following its administration to patients under spinal anesthesia (3). Mos...

Soyer himself was attacked by diarrhoea soon after his arrival at Scutari and it lasted several weeks. I n the Crimea he was taken seriously ill in September 1855; this illness lasted several weeks and when nearly well he had a relapse. The accounts given are meagre but they are more in keeping with an attack of typhoid fever. When he returned to Scutari he was again ill with fever and later wi...