Future climate forcing data at the temporal and spatial scales needed to drive hydrologic models are not readily available. Simple methods to derive these data from historical data or General Circulation Model (GCM) results may not adequately capture future hydrological variability. This study assessed streamflow response to daily future climate forcing data produced by a new method using subse...

A dynamical downscaling scheme is usually used to provide a short range flood forecasting system with highresolved precipitation fields. Unfortunately, a single forecast of this scheme has a high uncertainty concerning intensity and location especially during extreme events. Alternatively, statistical downscaling techniques like the analogue method can be used which can supply a probabilistic f...

The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite carries two instruments to measure precipitation: the TRMM Microwave Imager (TMI) and the Precipitation Radar (PR). Examination of instantaneous orbit data from TMI and PR reveals several problems in the TRMM products that are not readily discernible from monthly or areal averaged data sets. TMI rainfall processing algorithms yield signif...

this analysis was conducted on 31 synoptic stations in iran. initially, the mann-kendall test was administered in order to analyse the trend of alterations of these two components over time and the results suggest that 16% of the stations show significant relationship with annual precipitation (positive and negative). more stations showed significant relationships between sunspots and minimum a...

Precise spatio-temporal measurements of rainfall during seasonal monsoons are critical for accurate hydrologic analyses in the tropical regions of Southeast Asia. The use of satellite precipitation data is technologically sound but requires downscaling to minimize inherent uncertainties. The uncertainties at a local climate regime that are essential to be resolved are rarely reported; consequen...

Based on a high-quality dataset of 713 daily precipitation series, changes in daily precipitation events during 1960–2013 were observed in China’s ten largest river basins. Specifically, the amount of precipitation in four categories defined by fixed thresholds and their proportion on total precipitation were analyzed on annual and seasonal time scales. Results showed annual precipitation incre...

Recent theoretical advances in the relationship between heat transport and the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) present an elegant framework through which to interpret past changes in tropical precipitation patterns. Using a very large ensemble of climate model simulations, we investigate whether it is possible to use this framework to interpret changes in the position of t...

BACKGROUND Explaining species richness patterns is a central issue in biogeography and macroecology. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms driving biodiversity patterns, but the causes of species richness gradients remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to explain the impacts of energy, environmental stability, and habitat heterogeneity factors on variation of vertebr...

Eddy covariance was used to measure energy fluxes from July 2000 – June 2002 above the tree canopy and above the understory in a mature, naturally regenerated slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) – longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) flatwoods forest. Understory latent energy (λE) and sensible heat (H) fluxes accounted for 45% and 55% of whole-ecosystem fluxes, respectively, wi...