Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are being recognized as a viable cell source for cartilage repair, and there is growing evidence that mechanical signals play a critical role in the regulation of stem cell chondrogenesis and in cartilage development. In this study we investigated the effect of dynamic compressive loading on chondrogenesis, the production and distribution of cartilage specific matr...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease that reflects a complex interplay of biochemical, biomechanical, metabolic and genetic factors, which are often triggered by injury, and mediated by inflammation, catabolic cytokines and enzymes. An unmet clinical need is the lack of reliable methods that are able to probe the pathogenesis of early OA when disease-rectifying therapies may be most ef...

to investigate the effect of tempering treatment on mechanical properties and the microstructure ofdin 1.4021 martensitic stainless steel, austenite treatment was conducted for the samples at 1000ºc temperature for 60 min and then the samples were oil quenched. later, tempering treatments wereperformed for the samples at 500 ºc and 700 ºc temperatures for 2 and 5 h, respectively; then quenching...

Diarthrodial joints are essential for load bearing and locomotion. Physiologically, articular cartilage sustains millions of cycles of mechanical loading. Chondrocytes, the cells in cartilage, regulate their metabolic activities in response to mechanical loading. Pathological mechanical stress can lead to maladaptive cellular responses and subsequent cartilage degeneration. We sought to deconst...

The structural and mechanical properties of the superficial zone of articular cartilage are not well understood. Most previous studies have focused on the overall properties of articular cartilage in the adult. In the present work, the extracellular matrices of the superficial zone of the jaw-joint condyle in the 7-day-old rabbit were subjected to dynamic indentation with atomic force microscop...

The deformation behavior and mechanical properties of articular chondrocytes are believed to play an important role in their response to mechanical loading of the extracellular matrix. This study utilized the micropipette aspiration test to measure the viscoelastic properties of chondrocytes isolated from macroscopically normal or end-stage osteoarthritic cartilage. A three-parameter standard l...

Overweight leads to arthrosis through various factors: -1) the level, frequency, and type of constraints induced by overweight have a direct mechanical effect on the cartilage, meniscus, and ligaments -2) mechanical receptors of the cellular membrane of chondrocytes allow the chondrocyte to evaluate the articular pressure. This mechanical signal induces chemical liberation of mediators and enzy...

Tissue behavior is governed to a large extent by composition and microstructure of the extracellular matrix. In cartilage, various biopolymers (glycosaminoglycans, collagen, hyaluronic acid, etc.) are integrated into a complex network that imparts the tissue with its low-friction characteristics and load-bearing capacity. The structure of collagen (predominantly type II collagen) gives it tensi...

Nasal reconstruction is currently performed using autologous grafts provides but is limited by donor site morbidity, tissue availability and potentially graft failure. Additionally, current alternative alloplastic materials are limited by their high extrusion and infection rates. Matching mechanical properties of synthetic materials to the native tissue they are replacing has shown to be import...

with many years of construction and application of common concrete, researchers have always been searching for a better composition. one of the notable ideas for achieving such a composition is using recycled materials. one of the materials which is suitable for environment and constant development is damaged tires .for studying mechanical properties of concrete containing tire particles, a ser...