Cas13a has been used to target RNA viruses in cell culture, but efficacy not demonstrated animal models. In this study, we messenger (mRNA)-encoded for mitigating influenza virus A and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection mice hamsters, respectively. We designed CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) specific PB1 highly conserved regions of PB2 virus, against the replicase nucle...

Promoter methylation is one of the main epigenetic mechanisms that lead to the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes during carcinogenesis. Due to the reversible nature of DNA methylation, many studies have been performed to correct theses epigenetic defects by inhibiting DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). In this case novel therapeutics especially siRNA oligonucleotides have been used to specifi...

In mammals, cap-dependent translation of mRNAs is initiated by two distinct mechanisms: cap-binding complex (CBC; a heterodimer of CBP80 and 20)-dependent translation (CT) and eIF4E-dependent translation (ET). Both translation initiation mechanisms share common features in driving cap- dependent translation; nevertheless, they can be distinguished from each other based on their molecular featur...

Gene and genome duplication events have created a large number of new genes in plants that can diverge by evolving new expression profiles and functions (neofunctionalization) or dividing extant ones (subfunctionalization). Alternative splicing (AS) generates multiple types of mRNA from a single type of pre-mRNA by differential intron splicing. It can result in new protein isoforms or downregul...

Since Richard J. Roberts and Phillip A. Sharp discovered split genes (genes are interrupted by RNA-encoding regions called exons and non-coding segments called introns in eukaryotic genome) in 1970’s, scientists have been finding many genes can generate more than one mRNA transcripts through AS (alternative splicing, e.g., by different exon-exon combination). This AS strategy increases protein ...

A common mutation causing thalassemia in Mediterranean populations is an amber (UAG) nonsense mutation at the 39th codon of the human beta-globin gene, the beta-39 mutation. Studies of mRNA metabolism in erythroblasts from patients with beta-39 thalassemia and studies using heterologous transfection systems have suggested the possibility that this mutation not only affects protein synthesis but...

il-32 and tnf? are important cytokines in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. il-32 has not been previously studied with respect to ms. here, we report il-32 and tnf? transcript levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ms patients and control individuals by real time pcr. a significant difference in il-32 and tnf? mrna levels of patients as compared to controls was not observed. howeve...

Abstract RNA interference (RNAi) is a regulatory mechanism of gene expression mediated by small RNAs. By using the RNAi technique, exogenous double-stranded (dsRNA) designed to target mRNA, suppresses levels in plants. In this study, we adopted as tool protect plants from viruses. We and synthesized several dsRNAs targeting pepper mottle virus (PepMoV) genes HC-Pro NIb. When used on Nicotiana b...

background: il-17 is a major cytokine player in t cell mediated leukocyte associated inflammation. il-17 is also recognized to participate in the pathophysiology of asthma. objective: to determine the role of il-17 in predicting severe asthma. methods: we obtained serum samples from asthmatic children under the age of 5-year in three different groups of mild (n=33), moderate (n=28) and severe (...

The nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway is a specialized pathway that triggers the rapid degradation of select mRNAs. Initially, identified as a pathway that degrades mRNAs with premature termination codons, NMD is now recognized as a pathway that also regulates some natural mRNAs. Since natural mRNAs do not typically contain premature termination codons, these mRNAs contain features tha...