this work investigates the effect of the application rate and type of sludge throughout the soilcarbon cycle in a semiarid mediterranean agro-ecosystem. we study the two-year evolution of the variouspools of soil organic and inorganic carbon and their influence on soil respiration. we applied three rates (40, 80 and 160 mg/ha) of two types of sludge –aerobically and anaerobically digested sewag...

Obsidian is a natural volcanic glass formed after eruptions if very rapid cooling of lava occurs. In particular conditions, the silicate ions cannot reach crystalline lattice ordered formation and assume chaotic arrangement, giving origin to obsidian flows. has been used since Paleolithic period make tools because its durability; in Neolithic period, trade played an important role Mediterranean...

According to the CORINE programme, Spain and Portugal are the Mediterranean countries in the European Union facing the greatest risk of erosion (Desir & Marín, 2007). In Portugal, areas at high risk of erosion cover almost one third of the country (Grimm et al., 2002). The main causes of soil erosion are inappropriate agricultural practices, land abandonment, deforestation, overgrazing, forest ...

introduction: delivering maximum dose to tumor and minimum dose to normal tissues is the most important goal in radiotherapy. according to icru, the maximum acceptable uncertainty in the delivered dose compared to the prescribed dose should be lower than 5%, and this is because of the relationship between absorbed dose, tumor control and normal tissue damage. absorbed dose accuracy is investiga...

the objective of this research was to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation on physiological and agronomic terms of eggplant to maximize the water use efficiency (wue) without affecting the final yield and fruit quality parameters under arid environment. therefore, two field experiments were conducted at two different sites: ghor al-safi, jordan valley and sail al-karak, karak valley, ka...

studies of rainfall variation generally focus on large areas. for example, in india, the area average monsoon rainfall series of the whole country or meteorological subdivisions are used. this would be of no use for local agriculture, particularly in places where rainfall is very high or very low, especially for crops like small cardamom and vanilla which are very sensitive to soil moisture and...