A single intraperitoneal injection of 3-acetyl pyridine produces, within 24 hours of administration, signs of cerebellar ataxia and damage to the medulla oblongata and to the climbing fibers of the cerebellum. These changes are accompanied by changes in the concentration of certain amino acids in the appropriate areas. Glutamic acid is decreased in cerebellum, medulla, cortex, striatum, hippoca...

There is a relative lack of information on the course of corticohypoglossal projections in the human brain stem, 2 especially in the medulla. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 11 patients with ischaemic lesions at different brain stem levels, Urban et al showed that pontine lesions at the ventral paramedian base close to the midline affected the con...

There is a relative lack of information on the course of corticohypoglossal projections in the human brain stem, 2 especially in the medulla. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 11 patients with ischaemic lesions at different brain stem levels, Urban et al showed that pontine lesions at the ventral paramedian base close to the midline affected the con...

This study aimed to examine whether the expression of major prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis enzyme, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), is changed in the kidneys of the rats with lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (Li-NDI). Sprague-Dawley rats treated with lithium for 4 weeks were used as the NDI model and expression of renal COX-2 was determined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. ...

LEE, JAMES B., AND HELEN M. PETER. Effect of oxygen tension on glucose metabolism in rabbit kidney cortex and medulla. Am. J. Physiol. 217(5) : 1464-1471. 1969.-Slices of rabbit renal cortex, outer medulla, outer papilla, and papillary tip were incubated in KrebsRinger bicarbonate buffer containing glucose-UJ4C, 10 II~M. Incremental increases in medium POT from 32 to 530 mm Hg resulted in a ste...

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography (DTT) provide a powerful vehicle for investigating motor recovery mechanisms. However, little is known about these mechanisms in patients with medullary lesions. We used DTI and DTT to evaluate three patients presenting with motor deficits following unilateral medulla infarct. Patients were scanned three times during 1 month (within 7, 14, and 30 ...

The mechanism that concentrates the urine to an osmolality several times that of systemic plasma results in high concentrations of solutes (particularly NaCl and urea) in extracellular fluid of renal medulla, but not in the labyrinth of the renal cortex. Intracellular and extracellular osmolality must be equal in animals, but the known intracellular levels of Na and K salts and urea in renal me...