Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) are characterized by genomic rearrangements and point mutations in the proto-oncogene RET. Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1) is a suppressor of various receptor tyrosine kinases, including RET. LRIG1 expression levels are associated with patient survival in many cancer types. In the present stud...

Medullary thyroid cancer is a rare neuroendocrine tumor with aggressive behavior and an uncertain prognosis. Calcitonin the associated marker; however, tumors of lung or intestine can also present high values. We report case 53-year-old patient presenting dry cough for 3 years. Computed tomography (CT) showed 58-mm expansive lesion in right anterior mediastinum cervical ultrasound informed 9-mm...

introduction acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is the most common malignancy of childhood. patients with all commonly present with easy bruising and infections due to medullary involvement. the extra medullary involvements of all manifests as hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and testicular enlargement. among extramedullary manifestations of the all, thyroid involvement is rare. herein, we ...

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare presentation of liver metastases. Although cases of ALF from metastatic disease have been reported, etiologies have been largely confined to lymphoma, metastatic breast, lung, and gastric cancers. ALF from medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) has never been reported. We present a 59-year-old male with newly diagnosed MTC, who was admitted with ALF. He presented wit...

Objective The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiologic data, histological type, treatment and follow-up of the 811 patients treated for thyroid cancer in Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP) over 5 years. Materials and methods Retrospective analyses of electronic chart information. Results There were 679 cases (83.7%) of papillary thyroid cancer, 61 (7.5%) of...

Medullary thyroid cancer is an uncommon malignancy for which until recently little effective treatment existed. It is often characterized by mutation and overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinases RET (rearranged during transfection), VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) and MET (mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor), which make attractive targets for drug development...

Thyroid cancer (TC) is categorized into papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic. The TC increasing in several countries, including China, the United States, Kingdom, Canada, France, Australia, Germany, Japan, Spain, Italy. Thus, this review comprehensively covers factors that affect thyroid gland function, types, risk factors, symptoms. Lifestyle (such as nutrient consumption smoking) ...

In the era of precision medicine and targeted therapy, diagnostic inaccuracy can have tremendous ramifications. We present the case of a 61-year-old man initially diagnosed with small cell lung cancer by pathology. Prior to initiating chemotherapy, multidisciplinary discussions led to an amendment of the diagnosis to medullary thyroid cancer.

Neuroendocrine tumors are rare tumors with a common progenitor - the neural crest cell. Included in this category are pulmonary and gastrointestinal tract carcinoid tumors and medullary thyroid cancer. The majority of these tumors are sporadic in nature, however they can be hereditary. Medullary thyroid cancers can present sporadically, with other endocrine tumors, as in the complex of multiple...

INTRODUCTION Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B, a rare autosomal dominant syndrome, is characterized by early onset of medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, marfanoid habitus and mucosal neuromas of the tongue, lips, inner cheeks and inner eyelids. Gangliomatosis of the gastrointestinal tract and its complications may also occur in patients with this disease. CASE PRESENTATION We prese...