conclusions our data suggest that using polyvalent antivenom in short time after envenomation could reduce the inflammatory responses related to the systemic changes during the elevation of cytokines in scorpion envenomation. results il-1a, il-6, and tnf-α levels were significantly increased in 3 hours after envenomation in both groups (v and av), but the intensity of increase in av group was l...

Hydatidosis is an important zoonosis caused by a parasitic tapeworm, namely Echinococcus granulosus. This infection is distributed worldwide and affects the health as well as economic loss in both humans and animals. In most cases, the disease needs chemotherapy with or without surgery. Conventional drugs have some major problems, including drug complications, harmful <spa...

BACKGROUND Scorpion antivenom (SAV) is specific antidote to scorpion venom..SAV did not prevent the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (autonomic storm), hence its utility in the management for severe scorpion envenomingmay be limited. Since 1983 the advent of prazosin revolutionized the management of severe scorpion sting. Since 2002 SAV against Indian red scorpion (IRS) for the treatment ...

In this study, mitochondrial sequences were used to investigate the relationships among the major lineages of Arthropoda. The data matrix used for the analyses includes 84 taxa and 3918 nucleotides representing six mitochondrial protein-coding genes (atp6 and 8, cox1-3, and nad2). The analyses of nucleotide composition show that a reverse strand-bias, i.e., characterized by an excess of T relat...

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Background: Scorpionism is a public health problem in some provinces in Iran. The present study aimed to assess the clinical manifestations of scorpion envenomation in Shiraz and determine a clinical severity grading for Iranian scorpion envenomation in order to suggest a treatment guideline for emergency physicians. &nbsp;&nbsp; Methods: In this analytic retrospective stu...

BACKGROUND: Mesobuthus eupeus is an indigenous scorpion species in Southwest Iran which is respon- sible for the majority of scorpion sting cases in Khuzestan province. OBJECTIVES: The effects of M. eupeus venom were investigated on the chief metabolic hormones in rats. METHODS: A total of 45 Albino male rats were ...