Neuroendocrine tumors are a rare and heterogeneous group of neoplasms with different malignant potential. They often metastasize to the liver require active combined therapy. For unresectable neuroendocrine metastases, transplantation has become potential definitive treatment due slow growth clinical course metastatic process. We conducted review relevant literature, criteria for including excl...

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are defined as mesenchymal of the gastrointestinal tract expressing proto-oncogene protein CD 117. GIST is a rare tumor small bowel, which can be difficult to diagnose and has varied clinical outcome. Prognosis dependent on size mitotic count. Radical surgical excision (R0) treatment choice for resectable non-metastatic disease. Imatinib first-line therapy...

BACKGROUND The transmembrane receptor guanylate cyclase-C (GCC) has been found to be expressed in colorectal cancers. However, limited data are available on GCC protein expression in non-colorectal gastrointestinal tumors and few studies have reported whether GCC protein expression was consistently preserved in synchronous primary and metastatic cancer tissues. METHODS GCC protein status was ...

A novel metastasis-associated gene was identified with a differential display system in murine carcinoma cells showing a high rate of metastasis to the liver. A human homologue was also identified using a PCR-based strategy. The protein coded by this gene was named cystatin-like metastasis-associated protein (CMAP) and showed 22.1-28.1% homology to human family 2 cystatins. CMAP mRNA was select...

To explore reasons for differences in the malignancy of tumors, we have compared two cell lines derived from a mouse lung adenocarcinoma cell line that differ 10-fold in their capacity to form lung metastases from s.c. primary tumors or after i.v. injection. One mRNA encoding carbonyl reductase was identified at a relatively high abundance in the subline with low metastatic capacity but was not...

Metastatic malignant melanoma has a wide spectrum of histopathologic patterns and often lacks melanin pigment. Without a known primary tumor, the diagnosis of metastatic malignant melanoma relies on a combination of morphology and immunohistochemical profile. Infrequently, commonly used markers for melanoma (S100, HMB45, Melan-A and Tyrosinase A) are negative. These cases pose critical diagnost...

The lymphatic system has an important defensive role in the human body. The metastasis of most tumors initially spreads through the surrounding lymphatic tissue and eventually forms lymphatic metastatic tumors; the tumor cells may even transfer to other organs to form other types of tumors. Clinically, lymphatic metastatic tumors develop rapidly. Given the limitations of surgical resection and ...

PURPOSE To address the progression, metastasis, and clinical heterogeneity of renal cell cancer (RCC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Transcriptional profiling with oligonucleotide microarrays (22,283 genes) was done on 49 RCC tumors, 20 non-RCC renal tumors, and 23 normal kidney samples. Samples were clustered based on gene expression profiles and specific gene sets for each renal tumor type were ident...

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) with oncocytic features are rare. To date, few studies have described the metastatic characteristics of these tumors, most which were limited by low number cases. One article characterized intermediate to high grade (G2 and G3) NETs pancreas as having an ominous outcome; however, low-grade have, our knowledge, been hitherto unexplored. Our study clinicopathological ...