Increased growth factor receptor signaling is implicated in antiestrogen-resistant breast tumors suggesting that abrogation of such signaling could restore or prolong sensitivity to antihormonal agents. Activation of the mitogen-activated protein/extracellular regulated kinase kinase (MEK)-extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 cascade is a common component of such pathways. We investigated th...

We report the direct production of 1,3-butadiene from the dehydration of 2,3-butandiol by using alumina as catalyst. Under optimized kinetic reaction conditions, the production of methyl ethyl ketone and isobutyraldehyde, formed via the pinacol-pinacolone rearrangement, was markedly reduced and almost 80 % selectivity to 1,3-butadiene and 1,3-butadiene could be achieved. The presence of water p...

Adsorption of pollutants on activated carbon is an effective air pollution control technique. In this study, a strong and non-uniform electric field was applied over an activated carbon fiber cloth. The adsorption kinetic of several organic compounds (Acetone, Acetaldehyde, Benzene, Cyclohexane, Ethanol, Methyl Ethyl Ketone, Toluene, 1-Propanol) on the activated carbon cloth was evaluated in th...

losartan potassium is a well known orally active non-peptide angiotensin ii receptor antagonist. losartan potassium and its principle active metabolites block the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone secreting effect of angiotensin ii by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin ii to at1 receptors. the drug is reported to promote the decrease in ventricular hypertrophy, salt and water excreti...

Scopafungin is the major component of the non-polyenic endomycin complex which was extracted from Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. enhygrus var. nova and purified by partition column chromatography or silica gel column chromatography followed by crystallization. It is a white crystalline compound which contains carbon (60.95%), hydrogen (9.00%), nitrogen (4.01 %) and oxygen (26.46 %) and melts a...

the feasibility of extractive reaction of methacrylic acid from aqueous solution using a quaternary amine, tri–octyl methyl ammonium chloride (tomac) as an extractant, was studied. the diluents chosen in the present work belong to different chemical classes, n–butyl acetate, carbon tetrachloride, isoamyl alcohol, methyl isobutyl ketone, and toluene. the effect of initial acid concentration in t...

Volatiles are frequently abused as inhalants. The methods used for identification are generally nonspecific if analyzed concurrently with ethanol or require an additional analytical procedure that employs mass spectrometry. A previously published technique utilizing a capillary flow technology splitter to simultaneously quantitate and confirm ethyl alcohol by flame ionization and mass spectrome...

Polymer blend lithography (PBL) is a spin-coating-based technique that makes use of the purely lateral phase separation between two immiscible polymers to fabricate large area nanoscale patterns. In our earlier work (Huang et al. 2012), PBL was demonstrated for the fabrication of patterned self-assembled monolayers. Here, we report a new method based on the technique of polymer blend lithograph...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa backgrounds : lumbar disc herniation (ldh) is the most common surgical intervention of spine surgery. during few days of the operation, most patients experience worrying low back pain ( lbp) and radicular leg pain (rlp). applying liquid form of bupivacaine in the vicinity of surgical field could be effective on pain relief only for few hours after o...