Fluorescence detectors are useful for various applications in biomedicine e.g. for pH-sensing or single-cell detection. Commonly conventional macroscopic optical systems are used for such applications. Planar integrated free space optical systems (PIFSO) offer the advantages of compact efficiently integrated systems and good accuracy in the terms of alignment and fabrication. Segmented flow sys...

A simple process for forming sub-micron gaps between horizontal and vertical electrodes in a three-dimensional micro-electrode system without the need for high-resolution lithography is described. The process is based on the enhancement of ion milling rates in metals at oblique ion incidence, which allows the preferential erosion of metal at a mesa edge. Self-aligned electrode structures are fo...

Prediction of cutting forces is very important for the design of cutting tools and for process planning. This paper presents a fuzzy modelling method of cutting forces based on subtractive clustering. The subtractive clustering combined with the least-square algorithm identifies the fuzzy prediction model directly from the information obtained from the sensors. In the micro-milling experimental...

Fused silica is widely used as a material for optical lenses owing to its excellent properties and low thermal expansion coefficient. However, hard brittle material, there very limited option of processing technologies machining fused with surface structures. In this paper, picosecond laser based single crystal diamond tool fabrication technology proposed generate micro milling tools different ...

In order to study the influence of spindle speed and amplitude on surface integrity, TC18 titanium alloy samples were milled by process conventional milling longitudinal ultrasonic vibration assisted milling. The experimental data obtained dynamometer, thermometer, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, three-dimensional topography instrument for observation analysis. results show ...

Ultra-precision milling with an aerostatic high-speed spindle and a single-crystal diamond micro-tool is promising for the fabrication of miniaturized complex parts. While tool chatter occurring in processes has substantial effect on machined surface formation, fundamental understanding behavior ultra-precision essentially required achieving ultra-high finish. In this paper, through combination...

When the characteristic structure size of component is at micron level, internal crystal grains, grain boundaries, and pore defects material with same level cannot be ignored, so micro-sized will show different physical properties from macro-sized component, which called effect. Since tool diameter a micro-end mill in also significant effect phenomenon. In addition, micro milling process, becau...