Background and Objectives: Furfural (F) and hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) are cyclic aldehydes, which are formed during the heat processing of foods. These chemical contaminants have received much attention due to their suspected health hazards and heat damage indicators. The aim of the present study was extraction and determination of F and HMF in baby-foods using dispersive liquid-liquid micro...

Abstract   A new micro combustion concept is described in this work by introducing a new terminology in the micro combustion. The effects of Area to Volume Ratio (AVR) of the micro-combustors were studied to find the best performance of designed micro-combustors. In order to test the feasibility of the designed micro combustors before the actual experiment is conducted, simulation work was perf...

For hypotheses of the type H0 : θ = θ0 vs H1 : θ 6= θ0 we demonstrate the equivalence of a Bayesian hypothesis test using a Bayes factor and the corresponding classical test, for a large class of models, which are detailed in the paper. In particular, we show that the role of the prior and critical region for the Bayes factor test is only to specify the type I error. This is their only role sin...

Micro strip transmission lines are widely used, and for good reason. They are broadband in Trea hertz frequency. They provide circuits that are compact and light in weight. They are generally economical to produce since they are readily adaptable to hybrid and monolithic integrated circuit (IC) fabrication technologies at Tera Hertz frequencies. To better appreciate printed transmission lines a...

Three-dimensional (3D) temperature mapping method with high spatial resolution and acquisition rate is of vital importance in evaluating thermal processes in micro-environment. We have synthesized a new temperature-sensitive functional material (Rhodamine B functionalized Polydimethylsiloxane). By performing optical sectioning of this material, we established an advanced method for visualizing ...

Aims Early reports of micro computed tomography (micro CT) of urinary stones showed non-overlapping ranges of x-ray attenuation values for most minerals. However, extended work in our laboratory has shown that size of stone fragments and scanning parameters can each influence the apparent x-ray attenuation value of minerals. The purpose of the present study was to test the correlation of minera...

A two-tier cellular system with a number of small micro-cells overlaid by one large macro-cell is studied. Two channel allocation strategies, Macro-cell-Centered Access Strategy and Micro-cell-Centered Access Strategy, are proposed for the low mobility calls. The system objective is to minimize handover rate with constraint of call blocking and dropping rates (total lost rate) below certain QoS...

We use micro data on product prices linked to information on the firms that set them to test for selection effects (state dependence) in micro-level producer pricing. In contrast to using synthetic data from a canonical menu-cost model, we find very weak, if any, micro-level selection effects when running price change probability regressions on actual data. Moreover, when fitting a model that n...

The surface morphology of polyamic acid films evolving under heating towards polyimide films is investigated with transmission electron microscopy. Micro-domains observed at the surface of the films are treated statistically and shown to form optimized statistical ensemble(s). The statistical size distribution of the micro-domains is described with the model of reversible aggregation. The distr...

Performance analysis of a reversible micro-pump system is obtained by numerical simulations. The unsteady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations are solved in a moving micro-pump system using a spectral h/p element algorithm, employing an arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation on structured/unstructured meshes. The performance of the micro-pump is evaluated as a function of the Reynold...