conclusions this study demonstrated the detection of hcv-specific ifn-γ responses in hcv antibody and rna negative individuals, with a tendency for hcv-specific ifn-γ responses to be associated with hcv exposure. the potential role of hcv-specific ifn-γ responses in those who remained hcv rna negative is of value for the development of novel hcv therapeutics. objectives in a cohort of hcv antib...

road traffic accident (rta) is a global burden of disease. more than 1.25 million people per year are killed by rtas. more than half of the fatalities strike vulnerable road users (e. g. pedestrians, skaters, cyclists and other non-protected road users). the ongoing challenge is to protect vulnerable road users (vru). as a vru is neither shielded by seatbelts or crumple zones nor by airbags, th...

results mean age of the participants was about 35 years, and mean duration of marriage was 14 years. drug dependence of the husband (p = 0.010) and lower monthly income of the family (p = 0.007) predicted the higher level of anxiety among the participants, while older age (p = 0.031), shorter marital duration (p = 0.016), and lower educational level (p = 0.045) in addition to spousal drug depen...

conclusions this study demonstrated improved analgesic effects after using intravenous patient controlled analgesia with ketamine on postoperative pain in opium abusers. patients and methods after institutional review board approval for ethical considerations, a randomized double-blinded placebo controlled clinical trial was conducted. a total of 140 male patients aged 18-65 years, undergoing o...

background to get more precise responses when gathering information about sensitive topics such as drug use, it is important to use the most optimal method. objectives this study was carried out to address the impact of three interview methods (street-based, household, and telephone interviews) on response pattern to sensitive and non-sensitive questions in terms of participation, disclosure an...