In each hemisegment of the developing Drosophila ventral nerve cord, the axons of ~20% of the 350 or so embryonic interneurons grow longitudinally on the same side of the midline where their cell bodies lie; they never cross the midline of the CNS (Schmid et al., 1999). In part, this pattern of axon growth reflects the existence of molecular forces that repel axons away from the midline (Klambt...

prom april, 1983 until december, 1987, 15 patients with horseshoe kidneys underwent surgery in shahid labbafi nejad medical center. pyelolithotomy was done in 11 cases, pyeloplasty in 2 cases, and nephrectomy in 2 cases. symphysiotomy was performed in 14 of these patients. preoperative angiography was not done in any of the cases and midline transperitoneal approach was utilized in all of the c...

The Drosophila ventral midline cells generate a discrete set of CNS lineages, required for proper patterning of the ventral ectoderm. Here we provide the first evidence that the CNS midline cells also exert inductive effects on the mesoderm. Mesodermal progenitors adjacent to the midline progenitor cells give rise to ventral somatic mucles and a pair of unique cells that come to lie dorsomedial...

BACKGROUND Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are both potently inhibited by anesthetics and densely expressed in the thalamus. Brain imaging shows that thalamic activity suppression accompanies anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. Therefore, anesthetic-induced unconsciousness may involve direct antagonism of thalamic nicotinic receptors. The authors test this by separately attempting to...

This paper presents a fully automated brain segmentation method that has been applied to a group of patients with infratentorial ependymoma. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that fully-automated atlas-based segmentation methods provide useful normal tissue dosimetry from which dose-volume modeling may be performed in a manner equivalent to dose-volume data obtained from manua...

Abstract Background and Purpose Diffuse midline glioma(DMG),H3K27 alterd (WHO 2021, CNS grade 4) is a type of tumor that mainly develops in the CNS's median. However, owing to its rarity, few comprehensive reports have been published. This report conducted retrospective study on H3p.K27M mutation cases via Kansai Molecular Diagnosis Network for tumors. Materials Methods were analyzed out 4128 t...

In orthodontics, bone structure, its density and dimensions play an essential role by explaining limitations in magnitude, size and extent of tooth movement. Severe anterior crowding is one of the most frequently encountered dental malocclusions. Its therapy is mostly limited by lack of basal and alveolar bone and it often involves tooth extractions. Mandibular midline distraction osteogenesis ...

accessory components. By collapsing the unnecessary space and reconstructing a new tragus, we achieved an ideal distance from the new tragus to the auditory canal, which could not be attained by filling the hollow using cartilage graft. Because the shape and conditions of polyotia are very inconstant and the incidence of this anomaly is rare, it is difficult to establish a uniform surgical tech...

Congenital midline cervical cleft is a rare anomaly that typically presents in the neonatal period as a thin suprasternal vertical band of erythematous skin with a nipple-like projection superiorly, which may exude fluid. We present the clinical and pathophysiologic features and the imaging findings of this uncommon, and rarely described entity in a newborn girl.