The concept of the minimal self refers to the consciousness of oneself as an immediate subject of experience. According to recent studies, disturbances of the minimal self may be a core feature of schizophrenia. They are emphasized in classical psychiatry literature and in phenomenological work. Impaired minimal self-experience may be defined as a distortion of one's first-person experiential p...

We present here a structural and mechanistic description of how a protein changes its fold and function, mutation by mutation. Our approach was to create 2 proteins that (i) are stably folded into 2 different folds, (ii) have 2 different functions, and (iii) are very similar in sequence. In this simplified sequence space we explore the mutational path from one fold to another. We show that an I...

The formation of complex inorganic superstructures in nature relies on the interaction between organic and inorganic species to direct the inorganic form away from its “usual” morphology. During synthesis the superstructures are soft and dynamic which makes a study of the nature of the ephemeral interface difficult. However, the inorganic skeletons formed are stable and consequently amenable to...

In this paper, we show that a complete embedded minimal surface in R with finite topology and one end is conformal to a once-punctured compact Riemann surface. Moreover, using the conformality and embeddedness, we examine the Weierstrass data and conclude that every such surface has Weierstrass data asymptotic to that of the helicoid. More precisely, if g is the stereographic projection of the ...

We have defined a 160-nucleotide region, Mpsi, from the 5' leader region of the Rous sarcoma virus genome that is sufficient to direct the packaging of a heterologous RNA. Mpsi contains the putative O3 stem structure that has previously been shown, and that has been confirmed in this study, to be important for the efficient packaging of avian leukosis-sarcoma virus RNA. Analyses of several O3 s...

Let G be a connected trivalent graph on n vertices (n ≥ 10) such that among all connected trivalent graphs on n vertices, G has the largest possible second eigenvalue. We show that G must be reduced path-like, i.e. G must be of the form: where the ends are one of the following: q q q q q @ @ @ @ @ or q q @ @ @ q q q q @ @q (the right-hand end block is the mirror image of one of the blocks shown...

We examine the structure of the Levi component MA in a minimal parabolic subgroup P = MAN of a real reductive Lie group G and work out the cases where M is metabelian, equivalently where p is solvable. When G is a linear group we verify that p is solvable if and only if M is commutative. In the general case M is abelian modulo the center ZG , we indicate the exact structure of M and P , and we ...

The aim of this paper is to introduce some generalizations for closed sets in generalized topology and minimal structure spaces. We investigate some properties of these sets on these spaces. Moreover, we give the concept of T0-GTMS spaces, T1/2-GTMS spaces and R0-GTMS spaces, and the various relationships between them.

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are an useful and widely utilized approach to the modeling of data sequences. One of the problems related to this technique is finding the optimal structure of the model, namely, its number of states. Although a lot of work has been carried out in the context of the model selection, few work address this specific problem, and heuristics rules are often used to define...

We study the structure of generalized Verma modules over a semi-simple complex finite-dimensional Lie algebra, which are induced from simple modules over a parabolic subalgebra. We consider the case when the annihilator of the starting simple module is a minimal primitive ideal if we restrict this module to the Levi factor of the parabolic subalgebra. We show that these modules correspond to pr...