Neuroglia interactions are essential for the nervous system and in the retina Müller cells interact with most of the neurons in a symbiotic manner. Glutathione (GSH) is a low-molecular weight compound that undertakes major antioxidant roles in neurons and glia, however, whether this compound could act as a signaling molecule in neurons and/or glia is currently unknown. Here we used embryonic av...

Background: Recent reports demonstrated that intravenous route as a minimally invasive method, similar to direct injection, is suitable for bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation. In this study, we made a comparison of intraspinal and intravenous route of BMSC administration to repair injured spinal cord tissue. Methods: Six groups of adult female rats were used in this study. Laminect...

All the neurons and glial cells of the central nervous system are generated from the neuroepithelial cells in the walls of the embryonic neural tube, the 'embryonic neural stem cells'. The stem cells seem to be equivalent to the so-called 'radial glial cells', which for many years had been regarded as a specialized type of glial cell. These radial cells generate different classes of neurons in ...

The adult human cochlea contains various types of peripheral glial cells that envelop or myelinate the three different domains of the spiral ganglion neurons: the central processes in the cochlear nerve, the cell bodies in the spiral ganglia, and the peripheral processes in the osseous spiral lamina. Little is known about the distribution, lineage separation and maturation of these peripheral g...

Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) is defined as traumatic damage to the spinal cord, affecting over three million patients worldwide, and there still no treatment for injured itself. In recent years, immunology research on SCI has been published in various journals. Methods To systematically analyze hotspots dynamic scientific developments of SCI, we conducted a bibliometric knowledge map ana...

A demyelinating disease induced in C57B1/6N mice by intracranial injection of a coronavirus (murine hepatitis virus strain A59) is followed by functional recovery and efficient CNS myelin repair. To study the biological properties of the cells involved in this repair process, glial cells were isolated and cultured from spinal cords of these young adult mice during demyelination and remyelinatio...

We report a 50-year-old woman with no relevant clinical history who presented with headache and loss of memory. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a left parieto-temporal mass with annular enhancement after contrast media administration, rendering a radiological diagnosis of high-grade astrocytic neoplasm. Tumour sampling was performed but the patient ultimately died as a result of disease. Micr...

Tetanus-induced heterosynaptic depression in the hippocampus is a key cellular mechanism in neural networks implicated in learning and memory. A growing body of evidence indicates that glial cells are important modulators of synaptic functions, but very little is known about their role in heterosynaptic plasticity. We examined the role of glial cells in heterosynaptic depression, knowing that t...

A human gliosarcoma culture was characterized from the time of inception to the time of establishment of the cell line (SF-539 BT). Immunohistochemical analysis of the original tumor showed 2 distinct regions of cells. The gliomatous regions were identified by immunostains for glial fibrillary acidic protein and the sarcomatous regions by immunostains for laminin, collagen type IV, procollagen ...