Climate change—and, by extension, climate policy—is beset with unknowns and unknowables. This “Reflections” presents an overview of approaches to managing climate uncertainties, in the hopes of providing guidance for current policy decisions as well as future research. We propose the following guidance for policy makers: Treat climate change as a risk management problem; recognize that benefit-...

Despite being significantly correlated, there is evidence to suggest that the scales measuring Agreeableness from the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) do not capture identical constructs. More specifically, NEO PI-R Agreeableness contains content related to "honesty and humility" that is not contained by the BFI. In a sample of undergraduates (N = 29...

Orthodox decision theory gives no advice to agents who hold two goods to be incommensurate in value because such agents will have incomplete preferences. According to standard treatments, rationality requires complete preferences, so such agents are irrational. Experience shows, however, that incomplete preferences are ubiquitous in ordinary life. In this paper, we aim to do two things: () sho...

rather than needs, we refreshingly visited a doctor couple who live their lives differently. Dr Ip-Shing Tsui’s very first request upon greeting us was, “Try not to make the article about us – make it about the project”. This was Dr Tsui and his wife, Dr Kit-Che Mak’s first-ever interview, having previously turned down all requests. Unlike other charities, it was somewhat difficult to find a do...

the smallest structure of a language which makes words, sentences and verses and is the basic element of the quranic miracle is a phoneme. the phonemes are studied in two aspects: 1. each phoneme itself that is concentrated on the qualities and the vent which its sounds out; 2. the combination of the phonemes which is concentrated on the segments, spaces and … the interpreters of the quran have...

Many things guide good teaching: a robust understanding of content, a mastery of pedagogical techniques, an understanding of how children think and learn. Schools of education attempt to prepare teachers in each of these areas. Nevertheless, learning how to teach effectively often ends up happening on the job, when the teacher is dealing with real children in a complex classroom setting. In thi...

Epigenetic processes are garnering attention in the social sciences, where some scholars assert their importance for theorizing social life. I engage with such ideas here by drawing on interviews with leading bioscientists. To begin with, I underscore the (productive) uncertainties of those working in and around epigenetics; I describe these as a manifestation of 'epistemic modesty', and sugges...

Abstract This article explores how women in religious workplaces respond to organizational norms of and requirements for modest dress behavior, both implicit explicit. It compares two case studies: working faith-based organizations (FBOs) the UK, secular who travel work Saudi Arabia, where state requirement modesty meant wearing an abaya (slightly relaxed 2019). Data come from semi-structured i...

In response to G.Belot’s (2013) criticism that Bayesian theory is epistemologically immodest, we argue that his analysis is misguided. The topological conditions that we understand underpin his criticisms of familiar results about asymptotic Bayesian conditioning are self-defeating. They require extreme a priori credences regarding, e.g., the limiting behavior of observed relative frequencies. ...