An automated method was adapted to measure the concentration of Na and K in plasma, nonhemolyzed whole blood, and hemolyzed whole blood, and thus allow the calculation of erythrocyte electrolyte con.centrations by a modified indirect method. The Na concentrations of nonhemolyzed whole blood and plasma were used to calculate the percent cell volume (hematocrit) of a blood sample. The percent cel...

The widely used split-step Fourier method has difficulties when solving partial differential equations with saturable gain. Here, we describe a modified split-step Fourier method, and we compare it to several different algorithms for solving the Haus mode-locking equation and related equations that are used to model mode-locked lasers and other optical oscillators and amplifiers with saturable ...

PURPOSE Nanoprecipitation is the convenient and commonly used method for the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles around 170 nm but yield particles with broad distribution, which require filtration step to produce particles with narrow distribution. Hence, the primary aim of the present study was to implement few modifications to the conventional nanoprecipitation method to reduce the mean pa...

The electrocatalytic oxidation of captopril (CAP) was studied by modified carbon nanotubes paste electrode in the presence of isoproterenol (ISPT) using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Also, the values of catalytic rate constant (k), and electron transfer coefficient (α) for CAP were calculated. The mechanism of CA electrochemical behavior at the mo...

The two-step backward differential formula (BDF2) with unequal time-steps is applied to construct an energy stable convex-splitting scheme for the Cahn–Hilliard model. We focus on numerical influences of time-step variations by using recent theoretical framework discrete orthogonal convolution kernels. Some novel embedding inequalities respect kernels are developed such that a concise $$L^2$$ n...

In this paper a modified form of Euler integration is described which, when applied to the six-degree of freedom flight equations, retains and enhances many of the advantages of AB-2 integration and at the same time eliminates the disadvantages. The scheme is based on the Euler integration formula, but with the state-variable derivative represented at the midpoint of each integration step. In t...

The K variant of human butyrylcholinesterase is caused by a G/A transition in the butyrylcholinesterase gene, which neither creates nor destroys any restriction site. In an attempt to detect the K variant both simply and rapidly, we developed a two step method of "PCR primer introduced restriction analysis" (PCR-PIRA). The first step was used to introduce a new Fun4HI site into the normal allel...

Problem 1. Consider a modified random walk defined as follows. If Yn = k, then Yn+1 = max{0,min{k +Xn+1, N}} where the {Xn, n ≥ 1} are i.i.d. with P (Xn = +1) = p = 1−P (Xn = −1). The random variable Y0 is independent of {Xn, n ≥ 1}. Assume that 0 < p < 1. a. Calculate the stationary distribution of {Yn, n ≥ 0}. b. Use a probabilistic (coupling) argument to show that {Yn, n ≥ 0} is asymptotical...

In this paper, we consider the problem of computing numerical solutions for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) of Itô form. A fully explicit method, the split-step forward Milstein (SSFM) method, is constructed for solving SDEs. It is proved that the SSFM method is convergent with strong order γ = 1 in the mean-square sense. The analysis of stability shows that the mean-square stability p...