Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is characterized by an acquired, selective, peripheral denervation of the autonomic nervous system. Patients with PAF fail to generate bodily states of arousal via the autonomic nervous system in response to physical or cognitive effort. We used voxel-based morphometry to test the hypothesis that changes in the morphology of brain regions involved in autonomic contr...

Stabilization of long-term potentiation (LTP) is commonly proposed to involve changes in synaptic morphology and reorganization of the spine cytoskeleton. Here we tested whether, as predicted from this hypothesis, induction of LTP by theta-burst stimulation activates an actin regulatory pathway and alters synapse morphology within the same dendritic spines. TBS increased severalfold the numbers...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic epithelial scrape injury on corneal morphology. METHODS The corneal epithelia in one eye of 8-week-old New Zealand White rabbits were scraped at weekly intervals. Central corneal thickness was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry before epithelial scrape each week. Control never wounded (C), chronic wounded with scrape the l...

First-principles calculations of the energetics of the In-terminated GaN~0001!, (0001I ), (101I 1), and (1011) surfaces indicate that In has a substantial effect on the relative energies of formation of these surfaces. Indium-induced changes in the surface energetics enable the formation of inverted hexagonal pyramid defects having (101I 1) facets at the termination of threading defects on the ...

On electropolished steel at low current densities, morphology and texture of electrodeposited zinc were investigated. Zinc coating is consisted of hexagonal crystallites laid on each other to produce packets. These packets are of different sizes and are stacked in different orientations to construct a homogeneous coating on steel substrate. This coating does not have texture, i.e., it has a ran...

The post-high school transition period is believed to be associated with considerable changes in social networks, yet longitudinal studies documenting these changes are scarce. To address this gap, the current research explored 3 relevant issues. First, changes in participants' relationship characteristics during the transition from high school were examined. Second, the roles of personality tr...

BACKGROUND Research has reported that pregnant women and mothers become forgetful. However, in these studies, women are not recruited prior to pregnancy, samples are not representative and studies are underpowered. AIMS The current study sought to determine whether pregnancy and motherhood are associated with brief or long-term cognitive deterioration using a representative sample and measuri...

We present a model of cultural evolution in which an individual's propensity to engage in social learning is affected by social learning itself. We assume that individuals observe cultural traits displayed by others and decide whether to copy them based on their overall preference for the displayed traits. Preferences, too, can be transmitted between individuals. Our results show that such cult...

A given type of psychotherapy (e.g., psychodynamic) is associated with a set of specific change techniques (e.g., interpreting defenses, identifying relationship themes). Different change techniques can be conceived of as influencing different parts of personality (e.g., interpreting defense increases conscious awareness). An integrated model of personality is presented. Then, change techniques...

The evaluation of individual cognitive change has relied heavily upon the raw change score, defined simply as the difference between follow-up and baseline scores. However, raw changes scores are susceptible to the confounding effects of both regression-to-the-mean and practice effect. The clinical relevance of raw change scores for the older adult is also obscured by normal, age-related cognit...