Introduction: Prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), are a commonly used model of nonhuman social monogamy. Traditional monogamous systems are comprised of male-female pairs that share territory and care for offspring. Operational sex ratio (OSR), the relative ratio of males to females that are sexually receptive, can affect sexual selection, and in monogamous systems, OSR tend to be about 1:1. ...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of respiratory illness in infants worldwide. Neurologic alterations, such as seizures and ataxia, have been associated with RSV infection. We demonstrate the presence of RSV proteins and RNA in zones of the brain--such as the hippocampus, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, and brainstem--of infected mice. One month after disease resolution, r...

Introduction: It has been reported that oral morphine dependency facilitated formation of spatial learning and memory. In the present study the role of NMDA receptors located in hippocampal CA1 area of morphine dependent rats was studied. Methods: Male rats were divided into 4 groups. Two cannulae were stereotaxically implanted bilaterally into the hippocampal CA1 area. After 5 days recover...

Introduction: Exposure to 3, 4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) could lead to serotonergic system toxicity in the brain. This system is responsible for learning and memory functions. Studies show that MDMA causes memory impairment dose-dependently and acutely. The present study was designed to evaluate the chronic and acute effects of MDMD on spatial memory and acquisition of passive avoid...

Background: Testosterone and its metabolites have important roles in learning and memory. The current study has conducted to assess the effect of pre-training, post-training and pre-probe trial intrahippocampal CA1 administration of 3 alpha-anderostanediol (one of the metabolites of testosterone) and indomethacin (as 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme blocker) on acquisition, consolida...

Background: Alzheimer Disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a progressive impairment of cognitive function. The pineal gland hormone melatonin (MEL) has been known as protection agent against AD. However, the effect in various doses inconsistent. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate two MEL on learning and memory amyloid-βeta (Aβ)-induced AD rats. Material...

Introduction: Prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), are a commonly used model of nonhuman social monogamy. Traditional monogamous systems are comprised of male-female pairs that share territory and care for offspring. Operational sex ratio (OSR), the relative ratio of males to females that are sexually receptive, can affect sexual selection, and in monogamous systems, OSR tend to be about 1:1. ...

 We perform a large-scale meta-analysis of 51 peer-reviewed 3xTg-AD mouse publications to compare Alzheimer's disease (AD) quantitative clinical outcome measures, including amyloid-β (Aβ), total tau, and phosphorylated tau (pTau), with cognitive performance in Morris water maze (MWM) and Novel Object Recognition (NOR). "High" levels of Aβ (Aβ40, Aβ42) showed significant but weak trends with cog...

bstract—We found that a single week of exercise enhanced ognitive function on the Morris water maze (MWM), such hat exercise animals were significantly better than sedentary ontrols at learning and recalling the location of the platform. n order to elucidate the role that calcium calmodulin protein inase II (CAMKII) holds in mediating the exercise-induced nhancement in learning and memory, a sp...

Introduction: Prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), are a commonly used model of nonhuman social monogamy. Traditional monogamous systems are comprised of male-female pairs that share territory and care for offspring. Operational sex ratio (OSR), the relative ratio of males to females that are sexually receptive, can affect sexual selection, and in monogamous systems, OSR tend to be about 1:1. ...