Objective(s):Parkinson's disease (PD) is known for motor impairments. But often, there are non-motor symptoms such as cognitive deficiency and pain misperception, owing to possible role of nigrostriatal pathway. Antioxidants have protective effect on free radical-induced neuronal damage in PD. To further address, we examined the effects of ellagic acid (EA) in a rat model of PD induced by 6-hyd...

Background & Aims: Lower limbs’ nerves are exposed to mechanical injuries in athletes (e.g. football players), because of the excessive physical demand of their job. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of regular and intense sports, such as football, on nerves in the lower leg. This study was conducted during 2006 to 2007 in the Shiraz Rehabilitation Faculty, Univer...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of puberty on peripheral nerve function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Of 138 eligible patients with type 1 diabetes, 100 patients (age >9 years and diabetes duration >2 years) attending an outpatient diabetes clinic and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects took part in this cross-sectional study. Peripheral motor...

PURPOSE The study investigated the effect of motor experience on the brain activity associated with self-paced movement of the left and right index fingers. METHOD Movement-related cortical potentials (MRCP) are indices of cortical activation related to movement preparation and execution. MRCP were recorded in two groups of subjects: high-level rifle shooters and control subjects without any ...

A hallmark of voluntary motor control is the ability to adjust motor patterns for novel mechanical or visuomotor contexts. Recent work has also highlighted the importance of feedback for voluntary control, leading to the hypothesis that feedback responses should adapt when we learn new motor skills. We tested this prediction with a novel paradigm requiring that human subjects adapt to a viscous...

The relationship between sensory and transcallosal inputs into the motor cortex may be important in motor performance, but it has not been well studied, especially in humans. The aim of this study was to reveal this relationship by investigating the interaction between short-latency interhemispheric inhibition (SIHI) and short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) in humans with transcranial magnet...

Deafferentation such as the amputation of a body part causes cortical reorganization in the primary motor cortex (M1). We investigated whether this reorganization is reversible after reconstruction of the lost body part. We tested two patients who had long-standing thumb amputations followed by thumb reconstruction with toe-to-thumb transfer 9 to 10 mo later and one patient who underwent thumb ...

The importance of the in vivo dynamic nature of the circuitries within the spinal cord that generate locomotion is becoming increasingly evident. We examined the characteristics of hindlimb EMG activity evoked in response to epidural stimulation at the S1 spinal cord segment in complete midthoracic spinal cord-transected rats at different stages of postlesion recovery. A progressive and phase-d...

DiCarlo, James J. and John H. R. Maunsell. Using neuronal latency to determine sensory–motor processing pathways in reaction time tasks. J Neurophysiol 93: 2974–2986, 2005. First published November 17, 2004; doi:10.1152/jn.00508.2004. We describe a new technique that uses the timing of neuronal and behavioral responses to explore the contributions of individual neurons to specific behaviors. Th...