The completion of cytokinesis is dominated by the midbody, a tightly-packed microtubule (MT)-based bridge that transiently connects the two daughter cells. Assembled from condensed, spindle-MTs and numerous associated proteins, the midbody gradually narrows down until daughter cell partitioning occurs at this site. Although described many years ago, detailed understanding of the abscission proc...

Dysfunction of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), a Ser/Thr kinase with an N-terminal mitochondrial-targeting sequence (MTS), causes familial recessive parkinsonism. Reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential limits MTS-mediated matrix import and promotes PINK1 accumulation on the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) of depolarized mitochondria. PINK1 then undergoes autophosphorylatio...

The cytoskeleton is essential for the maintenance of cell morphology in eukaryotes. In fission yeast, for example, polarized growth sites are organized by actin, whereas microtubules (MTs) acting upstream control where growth occurs. Growth is limited to the cell poles when MTs undergo catastrophes there and not elsewhere on the cortex. Here, we report that the modulation of MT dynamics by forc...

Microtubules (MTs) are involved in key processes in plant cells, including cell division, growth and development. MT-interacting proteins modulate MT dynamics and organization, mediating functional and structural interaction of MTs with other cell structures. In addition to conventional microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) in plants, there are many other MT-binding proteins whose primary func...

This study focused on the intracellular observation of nanocarriers modified with a mitochondrial targeting signal peptide (MTS). The nanocarriers showed an efficient cellular uptake, and the MTS had a positive effect on their mitochondrial targeting. This is the first report of an intracellular observation of nanocarriers modified with MTS.

BACKGROUND Mitotic and meiotic spindles are assemblies of microtubules (MTs) that form during cell division to physically separate sister chromosomes. How the various components of spindles act together to establish and maintain the dynamic bipolar structure of spindles is not understood. Interactions between MTs and motors have been studied both experimentally and theoretically in many context...

STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE To explore the underlying anatomy of May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) using computed tomography (CT) and discuss its clinical significance for typing diagnosis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Because the anatomical position of the corpse cannot fully illustrate the actual clinical situation in vivo, the diversity of MTS has not been fully elucidated yet. ...

Prometaphase in two large species of diatoms is examined, using the following techniques: (a) time-lapse cinematography of chromosome movements in vivo; (b) electron microscopy of corresponding stages: (c) reconstruction of the microtubules (MTs) in the kinetochore fiber of chromosomes attached to the spindle. In vivo, the chromosomes independently commence oscillations back and forth to one po...

Temporal lobe epilepsy patients with unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis (TLE + uMTS) have been demonstrated to have extensive white matter abnormalities both ipsilateral and contralateral to the seizure onset zone. However, comparatively less is known about the white matter integrity of TLE patients without MTS (non-lesional TLE, nl-TLE). The purpose of the study was to investigate the diffus...

Microtubules (MTs) are dynamic polymers that can exist in phases of elongation and rapid-shortening at steady-state. These phases have been observed in vitro and in living cells, and this property of MTs has been termed 'dynamic instability'. The purpose of this study was to use negative-stain electron microscopy (EM) to test if there are structural differences between the ends of MTs in the el...