Pyrethroid pesticides were applied via ground spraying to residential neighborhoods in New York City during July-September 2000 to control mosquito vectors of West Nile virus (WNV). Case reports link pyrethroid exposure to asthma exacerbations, but population-level effects on asthma from large-scale mosquito control programs have not been assessed. We conducted this analysis to determine whethe...

A set of discrete formulae that calculates the hypothetical impact of aerial spraying on a tsetse population is derived and the work is thought to be novel. Both the original population and the subsequent generations which survive the aerial spraying, may ultimately be thought of as deriving from two, distinct sources. These origins are, however, neither distinct, nor relevant by the third gene...

The stricter legislation within the European Union for the regulation of herbicides that are prone to leaching causes a greater economic burden on the agricultural industry through taxation. Owing to the increased economic burden, research in reducing herbicide usage has been prompted. High-resolution images from digital cameras support the studying of plant characteristics. These images can al...

The nanoelectrospray ion source (nanoES) has recently been developed and described theoretically. It is different from conventional electrospray sources and from other miniaturized electrospray sources by (i) its 1-2 microns spraying orifice achieved by pulling the spraying capillary to a fine tip, (ii) its very low flow rate of approximately 20 nL/min and the small size of droplets it generate...

The potential of entomopathogenic nematodes in suppressing T. squalida population on cauliflower from transplanting to harvest was evaluated. Significant reductions in plant infestation percentage and population density (/m) were recorded throughout the plantation seasons, 2011 and 2012 before and after spraying the plants. The percent reduction in numbers/m was the highest in March for the tre...

Heparin is an injectable anticoagulant that prevents coagulation. There are presently high and low molecular heparins as well as synthetic pentasaccharide inhibitors. Given its ubiquitous use in sensitive medical states, there is a high concern for safety with this drug. Heparin can induce several distinct immune-mediated reactions. There are several options to consider when heparin allergy occ...

After more than a century since its birth, Quantum Theory still eludes our understanding. If asked to describe it, we have to resort to abstract and ad hoc principles about complex Hilbert spaces. How is it possible that a fundamental physical theory cannot be described using the ordinary language of Physics? Here we offer a contribution to the problem from the angle of Quantum Information, pro...

Late-preterm newborns accounted for 8.7% of all US births in 2009, while in Italy, according to Euro-Peristat Report 2010, rate of preterm live births between 32 and 36 weeks accounts for 6.4%: therefore late-preterm incidence is around 5% [1]. In the literature is reported that late preterm infants are at increased risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity, including feeding problems, hyperbili...

onion thrips, thrips tabaci, is the most important pest of onion in isfahan. onion growers often rely on the pesticide spraying. imidacloprid is frequently used against this pest. to investigate the thrips resistance to this insecticide, 10 onion-growing regions of isfahan were selected. after their laboratory rearing, certain concentrations of imidacloprid were applied to these populations, us...

To identify factors associated with incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), we surveyed 13,416 households in Bihar State, India. VL was associated with socioeconomic status, type of housing, and belonging to the Musahar caste. Annual coverage of indoor residual insecticide spraying was 12%. Increasing such spraying can greatly contribute to VL control.