Intentional mechanisms play an important role in complex self-initiated actions, such as language and gesturing. Deficits demonstrated in nonfluent aphasia may be a result of a disconnection between or damage to the initiation (intention) and production mechanisms in the left hemisphere. In chronic nonfluent aphasias, damaged language production mechanisms in the left hemisphere may switch to h...

Language production requires multiple stages of processing (e.g., semantic retrieval, lexical selection), each of which may involve distinct brain regions. Distractor words can be combined with picture naming to examine factors that influence language production. Phonologically-related distractors have been found to speed picture naming (facilitation), while slower response times and decreased ...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate effects of health status on word-finding difficulty in aging, adjusting for the known contributors of education, sex, and ethnicity. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred eighty-four adults aged 55 to 85 (48.6% female) participating in an ongoing longitudinal study of language in aging. MEASUREMENTS Medical, neurological, and laborato...

A crucial step for understanding how lexical knowledge is represented is to describe the relative similarity of lexical items, and how it influences language processing. Previous studies of the effects of form similarity on word production have reported conflicting results, notably within and across languages. The aim of the present study was to clarify this empirical issue to provide specific ...

Naming is mediated by perisylvian cortex in the left (language-dominant) hemisphere, and thus, left anterior temporal lobe resection for pharmacologically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) carries risk for post-operative naming decline. Interestingly, this risk is lower in patients with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) relative to those without HS (non-HS). Although the hippocampus has traditi...

We prove that the ENO reconstruction and ENO interpolation procedures are stable in the sense that the jump of the reconstructed ENO point values at each cell interface has the same sign as the jump of the underlying cell averages across that interface. Moreover, we prove that the size of these jumps after reconstruction relative to the jump of the underlying cell averages is bounded. Similar s...